Tapdancer, another factor is the rate of change in production...

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    Tapdancer, another factor is the rate of change in production methods used to convert raw materials into finished products. Even renewable energies require steel, cement, copper, glass etc to be manufactured and our engineers tvia continual improvement are always coming up with better more efficient ways to produce these products. Past emissions were using best technology at the time but as technology / knowledge improves these practices become outdated and improved or changed. A good example is cement production (see: CIF 2013 Report) where "The proportion of energy efficient, pre-calciner kiln technology has increased from 7 per cent in 1989–90 to over 90 per cent of total clinker production in 2012–13. This, alongside other energy efficiency measures has led to a 27 per cent reduction in fuel use and a 15 per cent reduction in power consumption per tonne of cement produced since 1989–90."



    The issue for me is not just about science or models, improvements have and are being made every day by industry and individuals. We rarely see these improvements acknowledged in the debate.
    Cheers
 
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