technology, page-10

Right so the International Energy Agency are looking at a limit of 450 ppm (450 parts per million or 0.045%) to be achieved by about 2040-2045.

The current CO2 concentration is about 385 ppm. Recent growth of CO2 concentrations has run at about 1 ppm to 1.5 ppm per year.....if we look at it just simply and take now as the base year and 2040 as the deadline so to speak in order to limit it to 450 ppm..... That's 28 years at 1.5ppm additional = 42 additional ppm which brings you up to 427ppm.....they didn't factor much growth in that's for sure

World population is actually on the increase of about 1.5% p.a so you would have to agree with the thoughts that's - ' This could be as high as 500 ppm by about 2045 according to global warming alarmists, and many published reports and news communiques from the IEA.'

All suggests that CCS on its own could be under a bit of pressure...

Seems that MOST OPTIMISTIC estimates - from the IEA itself - of what CCS projects can do to STOP CO2 concentrations RISING, are that global-scale CCS projects could only achieve about 15% of what the IEA says are needed reductions in the growth rate of CO2 to about 2045

"Staying with the IEA's very optimistic ideas on what CCS could do, if applied and achieved worldwide, this would not affect the 80%-odd of present and forecast human CO2 emissions growth that CCS cannot reduce."

There's isn't one full scale operational example of it in the world...; the one in LY is a uni scale demo model ; CCS as virtually made no progress in the last 5 years...cost is massive.. Global CCS Institute estimates as adding a minimum of around 40% to power plant costs, and 60% for coal-fired plants, would be about $3 trillion for the period to around 2045; others reckon its more like $5 trillion

Capturing and compressing CO2 may increase the fuel needs of a coal-fired CCS plant by 25–40%.......they look to pump directly into underground geological formations. Oil fields, gas fields, saline formations, unmineable coal seams, and saline-filled basalt formations have been suggested as storage sites... Pipelines will be the most cost effective way of transporting the co2

Coal is on the rebound; nuclear energy got nuked, wind and solar couldn't feed the current populations energy need....cost of achieving it.....don't think I could imagine that many zeros

China is the world's biggest single coal consumer, now using nearly 3 times more coal than the USA, and 4 times India's coal consumption, the world's second- and third-biggest coal energy consumers.......bloody hell; the Chinese consumed some 3 billion tonne of coal last year and its growing -

if for any reason China completely substituted its present coal burn with oil this would increase its total oil demand by around 42 million barrels a day!!!

Looks like CCS is fighting a losing battle and its enemy is world growth...

power generation, iron and steel, and cement production are all heavily dependent on coal..... They also provide the necessities required for growth...

Looks like BCE will be the one on the march for sure!!

Great link Rupes, a definite must read.... Might settle a few nerves a bit..

Right place right time guys IMHO