What would a Global mining expert know?, page-17

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Definitions

associate

save as set out below, a person (the second person) is an associate of another person (the primary person) in relation to a listed entity if, and only if, one or more of the following paragraphs applies:

a the second person is
(i) an entity the primary person controls;
(ii) an entity that controls the primary person; or
(iii) an entity that is controlled by an entity that controls the primary person;

b the second person is a person with whom the primary person has, or proposes to enter into, a relevant agreement for the purpose of controlling or influencing the composition of the listed entity's board or the conduct of the listed entity's affairs;

c the second person is a person with whom the primary person is acting, or proposing to act, in concert in relation to the listed entity's affairs

and in case that's not clear that a group of shareholders don't count as a group of associates, it also qualifies:

However, a person is not an associate of another person merely because of one or more of the following

a one gives advice to the other, or acts on the other's behalf, in the proper performance of the functions attaching to a professional capacity or a business relationship;

b one, a client, gives specific instructions to the other, whose ordinary business includes dealing in financial products, to acquire financial products on the client's behald in the ordinary course of business;

c one had sent, or proposes to send, to the other an offer under a takeover bid for shares held by the other;

d one has appointed the other, otherwise than for valuable consideration given by the other or by an associate of the other, to vote as a proxy or representative at a meeting of members, or of a class of members, of the listed entity.