The turnIt's impossible to really say where the top or bottom of any market is.
Despite the hype around the battery metal, lithium remains small and immature, with price-setting opaque and futures markets in their infancy.
It can make it hard to truly assess the role supply and demand plays in setting prices, especially with two of the market's biggest end users – dominant Chinese battery producer CATL and EV maker BYD stepping upstream into the raw materials space to secure their own supply chains.
They operate higher cost lepidolite mines, a lower grade, lower quality form of hard rock lithium, that counts as a major swing factor for lithium supply – a market otherwise dominated by Australian and African spodumene and South American brines.
"The industry is dominated by CATL and BYD. They produce about over 55% of global batteries. And therefore they're the biggest buyer of lithium," Franklyn said.
"You could argue they're bringing on high cost lepidolite a time the market's slightly oversupplied to force the price down, because ultimately they're a big buyer of lithium and by doing that they're reducing their purchase price.
"It reflects the fact that lithium is still a small market, it's dominated by a small number of major players and therefore it is open to some form of manipulation."
Yet feedback from lithium suppliers suggests demand remains strong.
"You've got a doubling of (demand in) the industry in the next five years and you have prices that are going down," Franklyn said. "I think we're getting near the bottom of the market and the question is do you start to chip away at some of these good quality lithium stocks."
There are four serious players in the lithium mining space – Pilbara Minerals (ASX
LS), IGO (ASX:IGO), which owns ~25% of Greenbushes, Mineral Resources (ASX:MIN) and Liontown Resources (ASX:LTR).
MinRes and Liontown are "very good businesses" but still have debt concerns to address.
"At this point in the cycle, do you want to take on the additional risk? And our view is, I don't think you need to," Franklyn said.
With IGO saddled by two troublesome lithium refining plants and a nickel business that's winding down, that makes the cashed up Pilbara the standout option for Argonaut.
"The benefit of Pilbara is it's got net cash of about $700m and it's very well positioned," Franklyn said. "I'd probably put Pilbara slightly ahead of IGO."
PLS shares rose a heady 5.6% on Wednesday to $1.425 after a 23% increase in lithium resources at its flagship Pilgangoora mine in WA's North West to 446Mt at 1.28% Li2O.
It remains some way of its $5.31 boom time highs.
Junior stock of the month
Patriot Battery Metals (ASX
MT)
For Franklyn, the Canadian developer led by former PLS MD Ken Brinsden remains the standout junior stock in the lithium market.
"At the developer level the benefit you've got is you can focus on quality," Franklynsaid.
"It's got a market cap of $420m, it's the largest hard rock lithium asset in the Americas, it's high grade, simple mineralogy, it's got VW's as a strategic partner, it has got 4.8 million tonnes of contained LCE, so it's huge.
"It kind of ticks all the boxes as a high-quality emerging player in the lithium space. And being in North America also makes some sense as, as you see what's happenin with the US and Canada, where Canada's making projects easy to get up and running, and the US is really pushing for critical minerals supply coming from areas close by."
Argonaut Funds Management is a high conviction resource sector investor managing the Argonaut Natural Resources Fund and the Argonaut Global Gold Fund. David Franklyn is the Fund Manager for the Argonaut Natural Resources Fund.
The views, information, or opinions expressed in this article are solely those of the interviewee and do not represent the views of *. * does not provide, endorse or otherwise assume responsibility for any financial product advice contained in this article.
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