NO such thing as Climate Change?, page-20729

some reading for those who bother ------------------ don't you bother getting back Li - I've not seen a valuable input from you in months

Australia’s power generation and transmission sector is highly dependent on foreign funding, technology, and imported parts, with significant levels of foreign ownership—especially in renewables. While government policy has tightened controls in recent years, much of Australia’s energy infrastructure, especially solar and wind farms, continues to rely on foreign capital and equipment, and a majority of its largest renewable projects are foreign owned.investmentpolicy.unctad+4
Foreign Technology and Parts

• Power generation, grid modernization, and the renewable energy transition in Australia rely heavily on foreign-manufactured components such as solar panels, wind turbines, inverters, batteries, and control systems.securitybrief+2
• China supplies around 80% of new solar panels and most battery cells in Australia, while wind turbine components are sourced from China, Denmark, Germany, and the US.theconversation+1
• Most advanced monitoring, management, and security systems for renewables are sourced from global suppliers, increasing reliance on international technology for cyber protection and system stability.securitybrief

Foreign Funding and Ownership

• Foreign direct investment plays a pivotal role in Australian power development, particularly in renewables, with government rules designed to balance investment and national security.investmentpolicy.unctad+4
• As of 2025, approximately 72% of Australia’s 50 largest solar farms are foreign owned (fully or partially), primarily by companies based in China, Spain, Canada, France, and the UK.ipa
• Major wind and solar projects often depend on international capital markets, with investment from pension funds, asset managers, and energy multinationals.hallandwilcox
• Private foreign companies—including Brookfield from Canada and Reliance from India—are among the largest investors and project developers in clean energy and equipment manufacturing in Australia.power-technology+1

Transmission Assets

• Transmission assets have traditionally been more domestically controlled but still feature notable foreign ownership, especially after privatisations in New South Wales and South Australia, where companies like AusNet and ElectraNet have foreign shareholders.aer+1
• Strict federal screening and approval regimes (FIRB) have been enhanced since 2018 and in 2025, tightening the process for foreign takeovers in critical electricity networks and mandating more transparency and national security checks.landers+2

Recent Shifts and Sovereignty Push

• The Australian government is now investing in programs like the "Future Made in Australia" Fund (AUD $22.7 billion) to incentivize domestic manufacturing of solar panels, battery systems, and other components—aiming to reduce dependence on imported parts and foreign tech, and enhance cyber resilience.securitybrief
• Despite these efforts, the grid and renewable sectors remain fundamentally exposed to global supply chain risks and foreign corporate decisions, making true energy sovereignty an ongoing challenge.theconversation+1

Summary Table

	Aspect	Major Source	Level of Foreign Involvement
1	Solar panels[/I]	China	~80% imports; majority of project ownership
2	Wind turbines[/I]	EU, US, China	Large imports; many wind farms foreign funded
3	Battery cells[/I]	China, Korea, US	Most imported, manufactured overseas
4	Solar/Wind Farms[/I]	China, Canada, Spain, UK	72% of top 50 solar farms foreign owned
5	Transmission[/I]	Domestic/FIRB-controlled	Some assets privately/foreign owned
6	Technology[/I]	Global	Key systems (inverters, controls) imported

Foreign investment, technology, and ownership remain central to Australia’s power industry, but government policy is now pushing toward greater local manufacturing and tighter foreign investment oversight for reasons of energy security and sovereignty.

1. https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org...tment-rules-on-the-sale-of-electricity-assets
2. https://securitybrief.com.au/story/australia-s-renewable-energy-shift-fuels-foreign-cyber-concerns
3. https://investmentpolicy.unctad.org...nvestment-policy-2025-tightens-fdi-oversight-
4. https://www.power-technology.com/news/reliance-brookfield-clean-energy-australia/
5. https://ipa.org.au/publications-ipa...stralians-to-prop-up-foreign-owned-renewables
6. https://theconversation.com/if-aust...ies-but-wean-ourselves-off-foreign-oil-252388
7. https://hallandwilcox.com.au/news/is-australia-the-next-global-hub-for-renewable-energy/
8. https://www.whitecase.com/insight-our-thinking/foreign-direct-investment-reviews-2025-australia
9. https://foreigninvestment.gov.au/si...3/australias-foreign-investment-policy-v2.pdf
10. https://www.aer.gov.au/system/files...t 2021 - Chapter 3 - Electricity Networks.pdf
11. https://www.landers.com.au/legal-in...-for-renewable-energy-infrastructure-projects
12. https://www.pv-tech.org/western-aus...ricity-transmission-project-to-au1-6-billion/
13. https://www.aer.gov.au/system/files...t 2024 - Chapter 3 - Electricity networks.pdf
14. https://www.ril.com/businesses/new-energy-materials
15. https://www.infrastructureaustralia...ity for Electricity Infrastructure 211013.pdf
16. https://www.nature.com/articles/s43247-025-02615-4
17. https://www.aemo.com.au/-/media/fil...omics-australia-2024-discount-rate-report.pdf
18. https://cleanenergycouncil.org.au/g...e1b3b4/clean-energy-australia-report-2025.pdf
19. https://australiainstitute.org.au/post/what-is-going-on-with-electricity/
20. https://ieefa.org/resources/south-a...-iron-and-steelmaking-faces-significant-risks