needle less dental surgery, page-7

Needleless injection is nothing new - it has been around at least since the '50's.

"In the 1950s the U.S. military developed their own high-speed models, or "jet guns", for mass vaccination programs. Common features of such historic jet injectors were gas-powered energy sources combined with a multi-use nozzle interface. Both of these features led to inherent delivery problems, ranging from skin laceration to cross-contamination with blood-borne pathogens between patients. Such "multi-use nozzle jet injectors" or MUNJIs as they were known were eventually banned in 19971 due to these inherent problems."

Apparently there are several companies that have developed newer, simpler, needleless injection systems that avoid some of the issues with the older systems.

All of these systems use some sort of force to cause a thin stream of liquid to penetrate the skin, which of necessity involves some irreducible degree of trauma.

Late in 2011 the US FDA had to caution against the use of jet injectors to immunize against influenza since no influenza vaccine had been approved for use with the injector.

POH is taking the correct approach, obtaining FDA approval for transdermal delivery of oxycodone - a step that the needleless injector purveyors apparently had not bothered with.