critical thinking - dialectical reasoning

Critical Thinking: What Every Person Needs to Survive in a Rapidly Changing World, Author: Richard Paul.
http://www.criticalthinking.org/pages/richard-paul-anthology/1139

The following is an excerpt from Ch.17, page 310.

The basic insight, formulated over a hundred years ago by John Stuart Mill, is as true today, and as ignored, as it was when he first wrote it:
In the case of any person whose judgement is really deserving of confidence, how has it become so? Because he has kept his mind open to criticism of his opinions and conduct. Because it has been his practice to listen to all that could be said against him: to profit by as much of it as was just, and expound himself, and upon occasion to others, the fallacy of what was fallacious. Because he has felt that the only way in which a human being can make some approach to knowing the whole of a subject, is hearing what can be said about it by persons of every variety of opinion, and study.
This is the dialogical ideal. Dialogical and dialectical thinking involve dialogue or extended exchange between different points of view or frames of reference. Both are multilogical (involving many logics) rather than monological (involving one logic) because in both cases there is more than one line of reasoning to consider, more than one "logic" being formulated. Dialogue becomes dialectical when ideas or reasonings come into conflict with each other and we need to assess their various strengths or weaknesses.