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Interesting number of uses gold nano particles have:

http://www.sigmaaldrich.com/materials-science/nanomaterials/gold-nanoparticles.html

The range of applications for gold nanoparticles is growing rapidly and includes:

Electronics - Gold nanoparticles are designed for use as conductors from printable inks to electronic chips.1 As the world of electronics become smaller, nanoparticles are important components in the chip design. Nanoscale gold nanoparticles are being used to connect resistors, conductors, and other elements of an electronic chip.

Photodynamic Therapy - Near-IR absorbing gold nanoparticles (including gold nanoshells and nanorods) produce heat when excited by light at wavelengths from 700 to 800 nm. This enables these nanoparticles to eradicate targeted tumors.2 When light is applied to a tumor containing gold nanoparticles, the particles rapidly heat up, killing tumor cells in a treatment also known as hyperthermia therapy.

Therapeutic Agent Delivery - Therapeutic agents can also be coated onto the surface of gold nanoparticles.3 The large surface area-to-volume ratio of gold nanoparticles enables their surface to be coated with hundreds of molecules (including therapeutics, targeting agents, and anti-fouling polymers).

Sensors - Gold nanoparticles are used in a variety of sensors. For example, a colorimetric sensor based on gold nanoparticles can identify if foods are suitable for consumption.4 Other methods, such as surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy, exploit gold nanoparticles as substrates to enable the measurement of vibrational energies of chemical bonds. This strategy could also be used for the detection of proteins, pollutants, and other molecules label-free.

Probes - Gold nanoparticles also scatter light and can produce an array of interesting colors under dark-field microscopy. The scattered colors of gold nanoparticles are currently used for biological imaging applications.5 Also, gold nanoparticles are relatively dense, making them useful as probes for transmission electron microscopy.

Diagnostics - Gold nanoparticles are also used to detect biomarkers in the diagnosis of heart diseases, cancers, and infectious agents.6 They are also common in lateral flow immunoassays, a common household example being the home pregnancy test.

Catalysis - Gold nanoparticles are used as catalysts in a number of chemical reactions.7 The surface of a gold nanoparticle can be used for selective oxidation or in certain cases the surface can reduce a reaction (nitrogen oxides). Gold nanoparticles are being developed for fuel cell applications. These technologies would be useful in the automotive and display industry.

We have Diagnostics covered any ideas on the rest?