I've already addressed this very specific claim of yours. In my very first conversation in this thread.
Your claim:
An increase in atmospheric CO2 cannot increase surface temperatures at noon.is completely incorrect. This is how I understood the claim when you first made it, and this is what I've tried to explain to you is wrong multiple times in multiple ways.
I've already addressed your heatsink analogy by trying to explain the difference between radiative heat transfer and conductive heat transfer. Because I knew that's what you were thinking. There's a whole field of physics that you are missing from your education. You don't appear to know what radiative heat transfer is or how it works.
So you simply aren't getting it.
The earth (and all planets) are in radiative equilibrium, which means the energy coming to Earth from Sun equals the energy leaving the Earth.
It can't be any other way, because we are a ball in space and if this wasn't the case we'd either have runaway heating or cooling. This is the equation:

The left side is energy coming in, and is set by
S the solar radiance. The right side is energy leaving. Apart from the constants, the important terms on the right side are

which is the emissivity of the earth, and
T which is the average temperature of the earth.
Without a change in solar radiance (from solar activity), the only other thing that can change temperature is a change in emissivity. CO2 changes the emissivity of the earth, which increases the earth's temperature. Regardless of whether it is noon or not.