Ann: 2023 Half-Year Results and 2023 Outlook, page-114

Structural unlikely - cyclical definitely.

Global Services would have dropped off Appen all together during their cost cutting cycle.
But its still a $200m p/a revenue business so to me it says it needs some of Appens product to provide a service to its customers. But engineering teams in Big Tech have shrunk considerably and the flow on affect is felt in the industry Telus included. Start ups with cost efficient operating models now these guys are having us on. Unlikely start ups will be able to assemble an LLM with 1 billion+ parameters (usually 10-20 billion for mid sized LLM) within an acceptable time frame.