Ukraine is hoping to assemble swathes of cheap, unmanned drones that it hopes will kill Russian troops and save its own wounded soldiers and civilians.
An ecosystem of laboratories in hundreds of secret workshops across Ukraine are building this robot army at a fraction of the cost it takes to import similar models.
Estimates believe around 250 defence startups across the country are creating the killing machines at secret locations that typically look like rural car repair shops.
Costing around $35,000 (£27,000) to build, employees at startups like those run by entrepreneur Andrii Denysenko can put together an unmanned ground vehicle called the Odyssey in four days from a shed.
"We are fighting a huge country, and they don't have any resource limits. We understand that we cannot spend a lot of human lives," said Mr Denysenko, who heads the defence startup UkrPrototyp. "War is mathematics."
The 800kg Odyssey prototype can travel up to 18.5 miles (30km) on one charge of a battery the size of a small beer cooler.
It acts as a rescue and supply drone but can be modified to carry a remotely operated heavy machine gun or sling mine-clearing charges.
A fourth branch of Ukraine's military - the unmanned systems forces - joined the army, navy and air force in May.
"Squads of robots will become logistics devices, tow trucks, minelayers and deminers, as well as self-destructive robots," a government fundraising page said after the launch of the unmanned systems forces.
"The first robots are already proving their effectiveness on the battlefield."
Mykhailo Fedorov, the deputy prime minister for digital transformation, is encouraging citizens to take free online courses and assemble aerial drones at home. He wants Ukrainians to make a million of flying machines a year.
Human Rights Watch and other international rights groups are calling for a ban on weapons that exclude human decision-making.
