TheIlluminati(/əˌluːmɪˈnɑːti/; plural ofLatinilluminatus, 'enlightened') is a name given to several groups, both real and fictitious. Historically, the name usually refers to theBavarian Illuminati, anEnlightenment-erasecret societyfounded on 1 May 1776 inBavaria, today part ofGermany. The society's stated goals were to opposesuperstition,obscurantism, religious influence over public life, and abuses ofstate power. "The order of the day," they wrote in their general statutes, "is to put an end to the machinations of the purveyors of injustice, to control them without dominating them."[1]The Illuminati—along withFreemasonryand other secret societies—were outlawed throughedictbyCharles Theodore, Elector of Bavaria, with the encouragement of theCatholic Church, in 1784, 1785, 1787 and 1790.[2]During subsequent years, the group was generally vilified by conservative and religious critics who claimed that the Illuminati continued underground and were responsible for theFrench Revolution.
In subsequent use, "Illuminati" has been used when referring to various organisations which are alleged to be a continuation of the original Bavarian Illuminati (though these links have not been substantiated). These organisations have often been accused of conspiring to control world affairs, by masterminding events and planting agents ingovernmentsandcorporations, in order to gainpolitical power, influence and to establish aNew World Order. Central to some of the more widely known and elaborateconspiracy theories, the Illuminati are depicted as lurking in the shadows and pulling the strings and levers of power. This view of the Illuminati has found its way into popular culture, appearing in dozens of novels, films, television shows, comics, video games and music videos.