2.5 billion NPV8 and 100% IRR, page-143

Another article on the EU's new "Green Passport" legislation, designed to ensure that, from 2027, the minerals etc. in EV, & general renewables' storage, batteries have verifiable & transparent very low CO2 emissions; & that the mining & refining, also, don't cause general pollution & environmental degradation.

Great for CTM's Ni sulphides, & its use of hydro power- but very bad news for Indonesia's coal-powered mining & refining of high CO2 Ni laterites (where there is also widespread dumping of tailings etc. into the sea, around Indonesia).

energyportal.eu A. Caldwell 4.8.23 said

"The European Parliament recently passed groundbreaking legislation that establishes environmental protections for batteries throughout their entire life cycle. This includes the sourcing of raw materials, production, and recycling. The law requires battery manufacturers selling in Europe to report the carbon footprint of their products, from mining to production to recycling, starting in July 2024. This data will be used to set a maximum CO2 limit for batteries, effective from the end of 2027. The aim is to encourage companies to produce batteries using clean energy instead of fossil fuels.

In addition to carbon footprint reporting, battery manufacturers must comply with rules to preventenvironmental, human rights, and labour abuses(all my emphases)in their supply chains. These rules address issues such as water pollution and community rights.

The legislation also includes new recycling targets, aiming to recover 90% of nickel and cobalt used in batteries by 2027, and 95% by 2031. Similarly, 50% of lithium used must be recovered by 2027, rising to 80% by 2031.

https://www.energyportal.eu/news/important-decisions-ahead-in-eus-push-for-cleaner-ev-batteries/123550/

Can anyone advise as whether it is more difficult &/or expensive etc. to recycle the Ni in EV batteries containing Ni sulphide ore, cf Ni laterite ore?
If so, another major advantage for CTM.