2022 - General Discussion, page-6

I found this an informative read regarding HPA. It gives the method of manufacture for sapphire glass. LED lightning is shown to be the largest user and massive growth curve over the next 10 years.



https://sst.semiconductor-digest.com/2015/11/the-use-of-sapphire-in-mobile-device-and-led-industries/

with regards to competition of HPA use in a separator-it takes many years of R&D to develop a system for global use within any industry. When it comes to EV batteries which will be under the seat of your car and placed in every predicament you see a vehicle today from extreme temperatures to being charged over night under a home, there is no room for error. i dont see HPA as a separator having competition in the battery development over the next 10 year period. Solid state batteries are looking to be the next in the battery evolution and they are predominately using ceramic separators imo to manage requirements such as the safety for fast charging. It will be a different battery chemistry and type to change the need for HPA in the EV battery market. This is many many years away from any research I have done. HPA will be involved in the EVbattery market for at least the next 15 years.

all IMO