India is expected to become the second-largest steel producer in the world by 2016.
Latest update: October, 2016 Demand supply gap resulting in increased imports
With growth in demand for steel outpacing growth in domestic production over the last few years, imports have increased
India was a net importer of steel till FY13, but turned a net exporter of the same in FY14. In 2015, India imported 9.32 MT of steel while exports declined to 5.59 MT in FY15 from 5.98 MT during 2013-14
During FY11-15, import of steel grew at a compounded annual rate of 9.01 per cent, whereas, exports increased at a CAGR of 11.32 percent
Total domestic demand for steel is estimated at 113.3 MTPA by 2016-17
Introduction
India is the world’s third-largest producer of crude steel (up from eighth in 2003) and is expected to become the second-largest producer by the end of 2016. The growth in the Indian steel sector has been driven by domestic availability of raw materials such as iron ore and cost-effective labour. Consequently, the steel sector has been a major contributor to India’s manufacturing output.
The Indian steel industry is very modern with state-of-the-art steel mills. It has always strived for continuous modernisation and up-gradation of older plants and higher energy efficiency levels.
Market Size
India’s crude steel production grew by 9.4 per cent year-on-year to at8.1Million Tonnes (MT) in August 2016.! During April-August 2016, crude steel production in the country grew by 7 per cent year-on-year to 39.98 MT.
Over April-August 2016, steel imports fell 34.5 per cent year-on-year to 3.01 MT, while steel exports rose 23.6 per cent year-on-year to 2.38 MT.
Steel consumption in the country is expected to grow 5.3 per cent year-on-year to 85.8 MT during FY2016-17, led by growth in the construction and capital goods sector.
Investments
Steel industry and its associated mining and metallurgy sectors have seen a number of major investments and developments in the recent past.
According to the data released by Department of Industrial Policy and Promotion (DIPP), the Indian metallurgical industries attracted Foreign Direct Investments (FDI) to the tune of US$ 8.89 billion, respectively, in the period April 2000–March2016.
Some of the major investments in the Indian steel industry are as follows:
Tidfore Heavy Equipment Group, the China-based infrastructure giant, is looking to enter the Indian market by signing an investment agreement worth US$ 150 million with Uttam Galva Metallics, to expand its Wardha unit along with South Korean steel major Posco.
ArcelorMittal SA is looking to set up a joint venture (JV) factory in India with state-owned Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL), to manufacture high-end steel products which could be used in defence and satellite industries.
JSW Group plans to invest around Rs 10,000 crore (US$ 1.49 billion) at Salboni in West Bengal to set up 1,320 Megawatt (MW) coal-based power plant, 4.8 million tonne cement plant and paints factory over a period of next five to seven years.
National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) has planned toinvest Rs 40,000 crore (US$ 5.96 billion) in the next eight years to achieve mining capacity of 75 Million Tonnes Per Annum (MTPA) by FY2018-19 and 100 MTPA by FY2021-22, compared to 48 MTPA current capacity.
Posco Korea, the multinational Korean steel company, has signed an agreement with Shree Uttam Steel and Power (part of Uttam Galva Group) to set up a steel plant at Satarda in Maharashtra.
ArcelorMittal, world’s leading steel maker, has agreed a joint venture with Steel Authority of India Ltd (SAIL) to set up an automotive steel manufacturing facility in India.
Iran has evinced interest in strengthening ties with India in the steel and mines sector, said ambassador of the Islamic Republic of Iran, Mr Gholamreza Ansari in his conversation with Minister of Steel and Mines, Mr Narendra Singh Tomar.
Public sector mining giant NMDC Ltd will set up a greenfield 3-million tonne per annum steel mill in Karnataka jointly with the state government at an estimated investment of Rs 18,000 crore (US$ 2.67 billion).
JSW Steel has announced to add capacity to make its plant in Karnataka the largest at 20 MT by 2022.
Government Initiatives
Some of the other recent government initiatives in this sector are as follows:
The Government of India has approved a joint venture (JV) between MSTC Ltd and Mahindra Intertrade Ltd, for setting up India's first greenfield auto shredding and recycling facility, which will aide in saving of foreign currency, as a result of import substitution of scrap.
Mr Narendra Singh Tomar, Union Minister of Steel, Mines, Labour and Employment, has launched the National Mineral Exploration Policy (NMEP), which will help to adopt comprehensive exploration of non-fuel and non-coal mineral resources that would give a major boost to the economy.
Metal Scrap Trade Corporation (MSTC) Limited and the Ministry of Steel have jointly launched an e-platform called 'MSTC Metal Mandi' under the 'Digital India' initiative, which will facilitate sale of finished and semi-finished steel products.
The Parliament of India has cleared amendments to the Mines and Minerals Development and Regulation (MMDR) Act, which will enable companies to transfer captive mines leases similar to mines won through an auction, and which is expected to lead to increased Mergers and Acquisitions (M&A) of steel and cement companies.
The Ministry of Steel has announced to invest in modernisation and expansion of steel plants of Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL) and Rashtriya Ispat Nigam Limited (RINL) in various states to enhance the crude steel production capacity in the current phase from 12.8 MTPA to 21.4 MTPA and from 3.0 MTPA to 6.3 MTPA respectively.
The Minister of Steel & Mines, Mr Narendra Singh Tomar, has reiterated commitment of Central Government to support the steel industry to reach a production target of 300 Million Tonne Per Annum (MTPA) in 2025.
The Ministry of Steel is facilitating setting up of an industry driven Steel Research and Technology Mission of India (SRTMI) in association with the public and private sector steel companies to spearhead research and development activities in the iron and steel industry at an initial corpus of Rs 200 crore (US$ 29.65 million).
The Central Board of Excise and Customs (CBEC) has issued a notification announcing zero export duty on iron ore pellets, which will help the domestic industry to become more competitive in the international market.
Government has planned Special Purpose Vehicles (SPVs) with four iron ore rich states i.e., Karnataka, Jharkhand, Orissa, and Chhattisgarh to set up plants having capacity between 3 to 6 MTPA.
SAIL plans to invest US$ 23.8 billion for increasing its production to 50 MTPA by 2025. SAIL is currently expanding its capacity from 13 MTPA to 23 MTPA, at an investment of US$ 9.6 billion.
Road ahead
India is expected to become the world's second largest producer of crude steel in the next 10 years, moving up from the third position, as its capacity is projected to increase to about 300 MT by 2025. Huge scope for growth is offered by India’s comparatively low per capita steel consumption and the expected rise in consumption due to increased infrastructure construction and the thriving automobile and railways sectors.
Exchange Rate Used: INR 1 = US$ 0.0149 as on September 21, 2016
References: Media reports, Press releases, Press Information Bureau (PIB), Joint Plant Committee (JPC)
Note: !- According to data released by World Steel Association
Disclaimer: This information has been collected through secondary research and IBEF is not responsible for any errors in the same.
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