A watery world
Our research shows that before about 50,000 years ago, much of Australia’s interior was a very different place to the scatter of salt-crusted lakes and sand ridges seen today. By analysing ancient shorelines fringing Lake Eyreand Lake Frome, two of Australia’s largest inland lakes, we found evidence of a “time of plenty”, when perennial inland rivers fed huge, permanent mega-lakes.
The scene probably featured more vegetation than today, large herbivores and diverse aquatic ecosystems spanning hundreds of kilometres of teeming estuaries and rivers. Lake Eyre itself stood 25 m deep and with a volume of some 380 cubic kilometres (roughly 700 Sydney Harbours).
These inland mega-lakes were fed by big rivers such as Cooper Creek and the Diamantina River, which pumped large volumes of water into the continental interior every year to fill the lakes to the levels shown by the position of their ancient beaches. Mega-Lake Eyre held roughly ten times the water volume achievable under today’s wettest climate, and if present now would rank among the ten largest lakes (in area) on Earth. This truly was the inland sea that proved so elusive to Charles Sturt and other 19th-century colonial explorers.
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