Acclaim Exploration NL announced in its June 2002 Quarterly Report that the mineral resource for the nickel oxide mineralisation at Wingellina had been upgraded to 226 million tonnes at 1.0 percent nickel, using a cutoff of 0.5 percent nickel. This places Wingellina in the top 20 nickeloxide laterite resources in the world. Should the Wingellina resource and project be categorised as similar to the Western Australian laterite projects?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
The geochemistry of Wingellina's nickel oxide mineralisation differs significantly from that of its Western Australian neighbours. Testwork has identified that Wingellina's chemistry attributes several processing advantages.
Limonitic nickel oxide mineralisation occurs in the top 100 metres at Wingellina and represents 55 percent of the 226 million tonne resource. This limonitic mineralisation is chemically different to the lateritic mineralisation of the Western Australian laterite deposits - with a much lower MgO content and lower clay (and therefore silica) content. As a result, processing of Wingellina mineralisation consumes significantly lower volumes of acid and, due to its low viscosity, it can be processed more rapidly.
High pressure acid leach (HPAL) processing is the method used by Western Australian laterite projects. Acclaim's HPAL testwork indicates that acid consumption rates for Wingellina are in the range of 290 to 360 kg/t. Murrin Murrin and Bulong have acid consumption rates in excess of 400 kg/t and Cawse is at 350 to 400 kg/t, so it's clear that processing at Wingellina has the potential to be significantly more cost efficient.
Structurally, Wingellina also has advantages its neighbours do not share in that, although it has an average grade of 1 percent, there are several areas with much higher grades. Furthermore, drilling during the last quarter confirmed that mineralisation extends much deeper than originally thought to depths of 200 metres. However, higher grade zones will be a focus of the next phase of drilling, commencing during September.
Greater thickness will allow lower mining costs than expansive, shallow deposits. Our geological modelling indicates that Wingellina has the potential to increase by a further 100 million tonnes, placing it then among the worlds top ten nickel oxide laterite deposits.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
The mineral resource includes 86 million tonnes at 1.22 percent nickel and 0.08 percent cobalt, using a cutoff of 1.0 percent nickel. What potential is there for a mineable higher grade zone?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
The Wingellina mineral resource contains 21 million tonnes at 1.52 percent nickel using 1.3 percent nickel lower cut off grade, which compares favourably with the size and grade of other nickel oxide laterite developments such as Inco's New Caledonian Goro deposits. Goro has reported reserves of 54 million tonnes grading 1.5 percent nickel.
Drilling has intersected up to 26 metres at 3.1 percent nickel at a shallow depth of 20 metres and the next round of drilling will focus on extending the higher grade zones along strike and at depth.
Higher grade zones were identified by Inco's shallow drilling programs during the 1950s and 60s with many holes ending in greater than 1.5 percent nickel and included intersections of 82 metres at 2.12 percent and 64 metres at 2.03 percent nickel from the surface.
The pre-feasibility study will analyse the potential for selective mining of the high grade zones.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
The current resource contains 2.3 million tonnes of nickel metal. You're still to define a reserve but what size operation do you currently envisage at Wingellina?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
The pre-feasibility study will investigate operations at the scale of 50,000 to 100,000 tonnes of nickel metal per annum. This level of output would require a mining and processing operation of 5 to 10 million tonnes per annum with a focus on higher grades in the early years.
The current resource estimate of 226 million tonnes at 1 percent nickel already provides a potential mine life of 20 to 40 years, depending on processing throughput rates.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
The independent analyst World Nickel Market Study has nearly completed a study placing Wingellina in a global context. Why did you commission the study and can you comment on the results of the review so far?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
As one of the world's largest undeveloped nickel oxide resources, with the potential to impact global supply of nickel, Wingellina needs to be studied in a global context. The World Nickel Market Study was commissioned tohelp us better understand the activities of nickel mining companies, the major operations producing the majority of world supply, the major consumers of nickel and nickel price forecasts.
The study will assist us in achieving our strategic objectives.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
One of your priorities at Wingellina has been to explore for nickel sulphides. What progress have you made?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
Finely disseminated nickel sulphides have been identified in deeper drilling. The marked depletion of copper platinum group metals and gold in the deepest rock further supports the concept that nickel sulphides formed during formation of the Wingellina layered complex. The most likely location for massive nickel sulphide mineralisation, as identified in other deposits elsewhere in the world, is at the basal contact or in feeder pipes and dykes.
Drilling to target the basal contact has been undertaken at two locations approximately 5km apart which were identified in airborne electromagnetic surveys. Further drilling of the 10km long basal contact is planned after detailed analysis of airborne magnetic survey data is completed.
Airborne magnetics suggest there are feeder pipes or dykes within the basement gneiss to the northeast of Wingellina and work is underway to define drilling targets.
Acclaim has also completed a study of the WMC Babel & Nebo nickel sulphides discovery, 100km to the west of Wingellina. Analysis of all public data, including drill holes, has enabled a robust interpretation of the region and our enhanced understanding will be applied in exploring for nickel sulphides within the basement gneiss.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
Why is finding a mineable resource of nickel sulphide ore one of your priorities?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
Discovery of nickel sulphides is a priority of our exploration activities because earlier drilling has established that the Wingellina area is prospective for sulphide mineralisation and there are clear benefits to shareholders resulting from discovery of nickel sulphides.
Sulphuric acid, which is a by-product of nickel sulphide processing, is necessary for processing nickel oxide mineralisation. Therefore, a nickel sulphide discovery would enhance the value of Wingellina because of the potential cost savings achieved.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
During the quarter, high pressure acid leach (HPAL) testwork achieved recoveries ofup to 95 percent nickel with acid consumption of 288 kilograms per tonne. You've been undertaking process testwork from early in the year. What test results are you aiming for before you can be confident of commercially processing Wingellina oxides?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
Nickel extraction testwork performed during the quarter included high pressure acid leach simulations and produced excellent results. Testing will continue to analyse the variability of the nickel oxide mineralisation and will include larger, laboratory-scale samples. The pre-feasibility study, which will look at capital versus operating costs of possible processing options, will assist in directing future testwork.
The processing technology currently being applied to Wingellina mineralisation has been refined by engineers and metallurgists during the commissioning and operation of the Western Australian nickel laterite deposits since 1995.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
You've conducted tests using several process methods. What process route do you currently favour to process Wingellina oxide ore?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
It's an early call, but testing indicates that a combination of processing methods may be most appropriate.
HPAL is most effective for processing limonite mineralisation and atmospheric slurry leach is most effective for saprolite. This strategy is currently being tested.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
Platinum group metals exploration intersected 9metres at 1.1 g/t in fresh rock at a depth of 102 metres. What's the significance of that result, what priority do you give to exploring for platinum group metals (PGMs) at Wingellina and how will you progress it?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
The layered complexes of the Musgrave Block, of which Wingellina is one of the largest examples, are similar to layered complexes elsewhere in the world. Those complexes also host PGMs.
To date, exploration for PGMs at Wingellina has been based on our understanding of the geology. The prospective strike length is at least 10km long and our geological modelling infers that there are at least two prospective horizons within the complex. Thus, the potential for economic tonnage is clear and exploration must now focus on discovering higher grades of greater than 5 g/t Pt + Pd.
Exploration drilling will progress along-strike from intercepts achieved to date, particularly where structural complexity may increase the grade and thickness.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
Acclaim recently announced an equity capital raising program. Where will the new capital be directed?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
Capital will be directed toward drilling to further define and extend the higher grade nickel oxide zones, drilling for nickel sulphides and platinum group metals and a pre-feasibility study.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
What are the next project milestones for Wingellina?
CHAIRMAN ED ESHUYS
Acclaim's strategy for Wingellina includes six objectives:
To increase the size and grade of the higher grade nickel oxide resource;
To explore vigorously for nickel sulphides;
To determine optimum processing methods by conducting additional nickel extraction testwork;
To conduct a pre-feasibility study;
To introduce a partner;
Maximize the value of Wingellina.
CORPORATEFILE.COM.AU
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