alumina plant disaster in western hungary, page-6

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http://www.atimes.com/atimes/Southeast_Asia/KC17Ae01.html

Bauxite is converted through a toxic process to alumina, the raw material for making aluminum. Known by environmentalists as "red sludge", the waste product, if not properly managed, can contaminate water supplies and choke off vegetation. For every ton of alumina produced, three tons of red sludge is given off, according to international experts.

Australia, a world leader in aluminum production, addresses the problem by disposing of its red sludge in remote outback areas with little rainfall, thus mitigating the risk of waterway contamination. Vietnam, which has a comparatively wet climate and is densely populated, does not have the luxury of vast tracts of unused land.