Hi Svetgirl1 and all.Elevated calcium levels in the liver due to...

Hi Svetgirl1 and all.

Elevated calcium levels in the liver due to transmembrane pH changes can have significant physiological and pathological consequences, including implications for various diseases and conditions.

How does the pH work in Calcium production from the liver.

An increase in pH (alkalosis) promotes increased protein binding, which decreases free calcium levels, while acidosis has the opposite effect, increasing free calcium levels.

I keep on coming back to transmembrane leakage from the liver.

Calcium leakage across the cell membrane influenced by the transmembrane voltage, which is maintained by various ion channels, including voltage-gated calcium channels and leak channels. The voltage of the ionic pathways is determined by the concentrations of ions and the permeability of the membrane to each type of ion.

The pH level and transmembrane voltage play significant roles in calcium regulation in the liver. In hepatocytes, an increase in calcium levels leads to elevated glycogenolysis, which is strongly calcium dependent.

mTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin) inhibitors have been found to impact various metabolic processes, including glycogenolysis.

The mTORC1 complex, when activated, positively regulates protein synthesis and negatively regulates autophagy.Additionally, mTOR activations stimulates the expression of enzymes involved in glucose metabolism, including glycolysis.

Inhibition of mTORC1 has been shown to result in the suppression of glycolysis, which can lead to the induction of autophagy.

Therefore, mTOR inhibitors can influence glycogenolysis and other metabolic pathways through their effects on mTORC1 activity.

Insulin resistance is also a contributing factor in Alzheimer's , corrected by autophagy.

But I think it's in finer detail than that.

Microautophagy .

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8901263

https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fphar.2022.1015204



Interested to see your thoughts Svetgirl1.

Every day we piece more of the jigsaw.


Kpax