Ann: Archer and EPFL develop a single chip pulsed ESR microsystem, page-105

I'm sorry someone else needs to decode that all I know is its new replaces two things and works at room temperature.

4. Conclusion and outlook In this work, we demonstrated, for the first time, the integration on a single chip of about 0.7 mm2 of a pulsed ESR microsystem consisting of an excitation microcoil, a detection microcoil, a low noise microwave amplifier, a double-balanced mixer, and an intermediate frequency amplifier. The single chip ESR microsystem operates in the frequency band from 8.8 to 9.8 GHz and has a power consumption of less than 100 mW. The IF bandwidth is from DC to 350 MHz. We report single pulse, Raby nutation, Hahn echo, two echoes, Carr-Purcell, and inversion recovery echo experiments on BDPA and 1% BDPAS at room temperature. The measured spin sensitivity is about 7×107 spins/Hz1/2 on a sensitive volume of about 0.1 nL. In the near future, we aim to extend the single chip pulsed ESR approach demonstrated here to low temperature and higher frequency as well as for array of detectors on the same chip for parallel (simultaneous) ESR spectroscopy of multiple samples. The integration of the microwave source, the excitation pulse amplifier, and of the switches, to have a single microcoil for excitation and detection, will be also investigated. Some of these extensions have been already reported for single chip continuous wave ESR microsystems (oscillators and arrays) and pulsed NMR systems (power amplifiers and switches) [6– 15]. The external (i.e., non integrated) electronics will be improved to allow for the control of the phase of the excitation pulses.