Through a collaborative effort between LLNL, PSU, UA and WRE,...

Through a collaborative effort between LLNL, PSU, UA and WRE, the team plans to develop a scalable, all-aqueous, protein-based method for high-purity recovery of the REEs scandium and yttrium from low-grade, abundant domestic allanite ore. Yttria-stabilized zirconia (YSZ) is the most widespread electrolyte material used for SOFCs, given its high ionic conductivity, electronic resistivity and stability over a wide temperature range. Scandia- stabilized zirconia (ScSZ) is an attractive alternative to the yttrium due to its higher conductivity and excellent stability, allowing lower operating temperatures and improved longevity. Scandium also is used in high-strength, lightweight aluminum–scandium alloys that offer fuel savings when used in aircraft and vehicles.Currently, China produces the majority of REEs, including yttrium and scandium. “The absence of reliable, large- scale and long-term supply severely limits commercial applications of scandium," said LLNL scientist Dan Park, principal investigator of the project. “We need to explore and exploit new sources and technologies to establish a domestic supply chain for scandium and yttrium for next-generation clean energy technologies.” QUOTE
We have a unique advantage to develop our resources in the US market IMO.