Emulsions can also form in or around the wellbore and may create...

Emulsions can also form in or around the wellbore and may create a block that restricts or completely cuts off production from the reservoir. An emulsion is simply a mixture of one liquid (the discontinuous phase) that is dispersed within another liquid (the continuous phase) and is likely to be formed when oil and water are mixed. Stable emulsions are the most likely to block production and are also the most difficult to remove. For an emulsion to become stable, an emulsifying agent (fine particles and/or surfactants) must be present. Although surfactants can cause emulsions, other surfactants at the proper concentrations can break emulsions. Also, special deemulsifier agents are available to remove emulsion blocks.

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