Ann: Diabetic Kidney Disease Diagnostic Test Data Published, page-2

Here is the conclusion to the Publish paper:

"4 Conclusions
Currently over 400 million people have diabetes [34] and 1 in 3 adults with diabetes have chronic kidney disease. The biomarker discovery pipeline detailed in this paper illustrates that a comprehensive study starting with a small number of patient plasma samples can ultimately produce a diagnostic test that has advantages over the current gold standards (ACR, eGFR). Use of highly stratified patient samples and the broad mass spectrometry platform has produced a panel of biomarkers for DKD that have ultimately been analytically validated in a large independent cohort of 572 patients with significant correlations with the current measures of disease. The multivariate analysis provided a panel of markers that performed well when either ACR or eGFR was the gold standard. Importantly, however, the utility of the panel may be best expressed when diagnosing CKD with a single test rather than requiring both urine and plasma collection and analysis. Improved testing would allow earlier intervention and therefore result in better patient outcomes. The 18O-labelling of the reference plasma was a key tool to provide global relative measurements over an extended analysis timeframe. The use of a separate isotope labelled synthetic peptide provided confirmation that the 18O-labelling was accounting for any instrument variation. The approach described above is therefore a straightforward yet effective strategy for protein biomarker discovery through to analytical validation, and has the capacity to provide an improved diagnostic test for DKD."