On a slightly different topic, it’s also worth comparing...

On a slightly different topic, it’s also worth comparing efficency of hydrogen vs batteries in the transport industry. In rough terms:

- Converting electricity to hydrogen through electrolysis is <80% efficient. Then converting hydrogen back to electricity via a fuel cell is <60%. Round trip efficiency is less than 50%, and will be much less once hydrogen/ammonia conversion and bulk transport are considered.
- Round trip efficiency for lithium ion batteries is >>95%.

So with my 1kWh of electricity I can travel over double the distance with batteries compared to hydrogen. Not only that, the quarter of Australian homes with solar panels can charge the battery for free with zero emissions. The economics are stacked in favour of the battery.

Again, I don’t want to discount hydrogen in the future energy mix, but I can’t see it displacing batteries in the transport sector.