Ann: Investor Presentation, page-201

"The iPSC technology was pioneered by Shinya Yamanaka and Kazutoshi Takahashi in Kyoto, Japan, who together showed in 2006 that the introduction of four specific genes (named Myc, Oct3/4, Sox2 and Klf4), collectively known as Yamanaka factors, encoding transcriptionfactors could convert somatic cells into pluripotent stem cells

The overexpression of Oct3/4, Sox2, Klf4 and/or c-Myc could contribute to the pathologica lself-renewal characteristics of cancer stem cells.

Cancer stem cells can originate from mutation in normal somatic stem cells that deregulate their physiological programs. Alternatively, mutations may target more committed progenitor cells or even mature cells, which become reprogrammed to acquire stem-like functions."

Oh Dear