Ann: Key Appointment to Lead Critical Minerals Initiatives, page-5

Good read.

https://fortune.com/article/us-china-tariff-pause-rare-earth-minerals/


The U.S. has begun looking for other sources of rare-earth minerals—namely in Greenland and Ukraine. The U.S. does also have its own deposits of rare-earth minerals, but they are not mined to the extent they are in China. Mining these elements is expensive and bad for the environment, making it difficult work to undertake. Any effort by the U.S. to diversify its supply chains away from China would be considered a medium- or long-term goal. Agreements over minerals with allies would also take years to negotiate and then implement. And the construction of any new entirely new mines takes, on average, 18 years for them to become operational, according to S&P Global.

IMO