The Euroz analyst report is a good read for anyone that is new...

The Euroz analyst report is a good read for anyone that is new -

Recaping on some important pieces.

1. There are an estimated 463mdiabetics globally, this number is forecast to grow to 700m by 2045.40% of these people will go onto eventually develop diabetic kidneydisease (“DKD”). Sufferers develop serious co-morbidities beforeeventually going on (if they survive) to developed Kidney failure,requiring highly expensive dialysis or transplant.
2. DKD is asymptomaticallypresent in most sufferers. Symptoms typically don’t develop untillater and more serious stages are reached, highlighting the needfor testing. Current tests are limited to diagnosis, having essentiallyno predictive capacity, diagnostic ability is further burdened bylimitations – overall leading to under-diagnosis.
3. PromarkerD addresses a numberof these current testing issues, specifically within early detection,providing physicians the ability to predict the onset of DKD up to 4years in advance and with 86% accuracy.
4. Clinically Validated - PromarkerD has been clinically validated in 4peer-reviewed clinical studies on over 5,000 patients.

The clinical diagnosis of DKD is based on estimating kidney functionand kidney damage, the current gold standard tests used to determinethis are: 1. Estimated Globular Filtration Rate (eGFR)
2. Urinary Albumin-to-Creatine Ratio (ACR)

No Predictive capacity: eGFR and ACR have essentially no predictiveability, essentially limited in being able to determine whethersomeone ‘does’ or ‘doesn’t’ have DKD. Diagnostic limitations: Each tests come with respective limitations,under-diagnosis in certain situations as well as reduced accuracy(especially in early stages).The key result of this problem is underdiagnoses of DKD.

Historically, treatment of DKD has been around managing theunderlying risk factors. This can and does work, however, it is notrevolutionary as should already be done.However, approach to treatment has changed in the last few years withthe development of new drugs for treating DKD. SGLT2 inhibitors, alsoknown as Gliflozin, appear to exhibit renal-protective properties ableto reduce the risk of renal failure, dialysis, or kidney transplant in DKDpatients.

These developments were highlighted last year with Janssens’Canagliflozin (Invokana™) drug being the first drug in 20 years to beapproved for the treatment of DKD.However, the drug can only be effectively used when an early diagnosisis made, it is not for use in later stages of DKD, such as severe renalimpairement (eGFR< 30ml/min/1.73m2) or ESRD.

This significantly increases the importance and value of early detectionfor respective treatment and management of DKD, creating a verycompelling argument for PromarkerD.Consider the high cost of ESRD, patients who develop kidney failure asdiscussed are left with either lifelong dialysis or kidney transplant, bothvery expensive.Dialysis alone costs ~$US72,000 per year per patient in the UnitedStates, even a minor reduction in final ESRD incidence through earlydetection and treatment/management would likely have a net costsavings.This concept does not even consider the financial savings possible withreducing complications of DKD (possible intermediate costs), or evenpossibly future use of PromarkerD for optimising treatment plans (i.e.reducing use of expensive drugs for people who don’t require it).Altogether, we can see PromarkerDs’ strong clinical utility and broadereconomics.