I expect they have 2 control ponds.
Control pond 1 is fully lined. This pond allows for calculation of evaporation.
Control pond 2 has lined side walls. This pond allows for calculation of base seepage.
The third pond is continuously topped up. The rate of filling minus the rate of evaporation minus the rate of base seepage gives you side wall seepage.
Performing the studies over a prolonged period will give steady state rates.
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