Annihilation of the soul

Originally posted by MrGordon ↑

What is soul? Does it really exist?
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Like many other Bible teachings false religion has muddied the waters.
Soul
The traditional rendering of the Hebrew word neʹphesh and the Greek word psy·kheʹ. In examining the way these terms are used in the Bible, it becomes evident that they basically refer to (1) people, (2) animals, or (3) the life that a person or an animal has. (Ge 1:20; 2:7; Nu 31:28; 1Pe 3:20; also ftns.) In contrast to the way that the term “soul” is used in many religious contexts, the Bible shows that both neʹphesh and psy·kheʹ, in connection with earthly creatures, refer to that which is material, tangible, visible, and mortal. In this translation, these original-language words have most often been rendered according to their meaning in each context, using such terms as “life,” “creature,” “person,” “one’s whole being,” or simply as a personal pronoun (for example, “I” for “my soul”. In most cases, footnotes or study notes give the alternative rendering “soul.” When the term “soul” is used in the main text, in footnotes, or in study notes, it should be understood in line with the above explanation. When referring to doing something with one’s whole soul, it means to do it with one’s whole being, wholeheartedly, or with one’s whole life. (De 6:5; Mt 22:37) In some contexts, these original-language words can be used to refer to the desire or appetite of a living creature. They can also refer to a dead person or a dead body.—Nu 6:6; Pr 23:2; Isa 56:11; Hag 2:13.

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SOUL
Psuche 5590) denotes “the breath, the breath of life,” then “the soul,” in its
various meanings.

The NT uses “may be analysed approximately as follows:
(a) the natural life of the body, Matt. 2:20; Luke 12:22; Acts 20:10; Rev. 8:9; 12:11;

Lev. 17:11; 2 Sam. 14:7; Esth. 8:11;

(b) the immaterial, invisible part of man, Matt.10:28; Acts 2:27; cf. 1 Kings 17:21;
(c) the disembodied (or “unclothed” or “naked,” 2
Cor. 5:3, 4) man, Rev. 6:9;
(d) the seat of personality, Luke 9:24, explained as = “own self,” v. 25; Heb. 6:19; 10:39; cf. Isa. 53:10 with 1 Tim. 2:6;
(e) the seat of the sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, feels, desires, Matt. 11:29; Luke1:46; 2:35; Acts 14:2, 22; cf. Ps. 84:2; 139:14; Isa. 26:9;
(f) the seat of will and purpose, Matt. 22:37; Acts 4:32; Eph. 6:6; Phil. 1:27; Heb. 12:3; cf. Num. 21:4; Deut. 11:13;
(g)the seat of appetite, Rev. 18:14; cf. Ps. 107:9; Prov. 6:30; Isa. 5:14 (“desire”; 29:8;
(h) persons, individuals, Acts 2:41, 43; Rom. 2:9; Jas. 5:20; 1 Pet. 3:20; 2 Pet. 2:14; cf. Gen.
12:5; 14:21 (“persons”; Lev. 4:2 (‘any one’; Ezek. 27:13; of dead bodies, Num. 6:6, lit.,
“dead soul”; and of animals, Lev. 24:18, lit., “soul for soul”;
(i) the equivalent of the personal pronoun, used for emphasis and effect:—1st person, John 10:24 (“us”; Heb.10:38; cf. Gen. 12:13; Num. 23:10; Jud. 16:30; Ps. 120:2 (“me”; 2nd person, 2 Cor.
12:15; Heb. 13:17; Jas. 1:21; 1 Pet. 1:9; 2:25; cf. Lev. 17:11; 26:15; 1 Sam. 1:26; 3rd
person, 1 Pet. 4:19; 2 Pet. 2:8; cf. Exod. 30:12; Job 32:2, Heb. “soul,” Sept. “self”;
(j) an animate creature, human or other, 1 Cor. 15:45; Rev. 16:3; cf. Gen. 1:24; 2:7, 19;
(k) “the inward man,” the seat of the new life, Luke 21:19 (cf. Matt. 10:39); 1 Pet. 2:11; 3 John 2.

SPIRIT
pneuma, 4151) primarily denotes “the wind” (akin to “to breathe,
blow”; also “breath”; then, especially “the spirit,” which, like the wind, is invisible,
immaterial and powerful. The NT uses of the word may be analysed approximately as
follows:

“(a) the wind, John 3:8 (where marg. is, perhaps, to be preferred); Heb. 1:7; cf. Amos
4:13, Sept.;
(b) the breath, 2 Thess. 2:8; Rev. 11:11; 13:15; cf. Job 12:10, Sept.;
(c) the immaterial, invisible part of man, Luke 8:55; Acts 7:59; 1 Cor. 5:5; Jas. 2:26; cf. Eccl.
12:7, Sept.;
(d) the disembodied (or ‘unclothed,’ or ‘naked,’ 2 Cor. 5:3, 4) man, Luke
24:37, 39; Heb. 12:23; 1 Pet. 4:6;
(e) the resurrection body, 1 Cor. 15:45; 1 Tim. 3:16; 1 Pet. 3:18;
(f) the sentient element in man, that by which he perceives, reflects, feels,
desires, Matt. 5:3; 26:41; Mark 2:8; Luke 1:47, 80; Acts 17:16; 20:22; 1 Cor. 2:11; 5:3, 4;
14:4, 15; 2 Cor. 7:1; cf. Gen. 26:35; Isa. 26:9; Ezek. 13:3; Dan. 7:15;
(g) purpose, aim, 2 Cor. 12:18; Phil. 1:27; Eph. 4:23; Rev. 19:10; cf. Ezra 1:5; Ps. 78:8; Dan. 5:12;
(h) the equivalent of the personal pronoun, used for emphasis and effect: 1st person, 1 Cor. 16:18; cf. Gen. 6:3; 2nd person, 2 Tim. 4:22; Philem. 25; cf. Ps. 139:7; 3rd person, 2 Cor.
7:13; cf. Isa. 40:13;
(i) character, Luke 1:17; Rom. 1:4; cf. Num. 14:24;
(j) moral qualities and activities: bad, as of bondage, as of a slave, Rom. 8:15; cf. Isa. 61:3; stupor, Rom. 11:8; cf. Isa. 29:10; timidity, 2 Tim. 1:7; cf. Josh. 5:1; good, as of adoption, i.e.,
liberty as of a son, Rom. 8:15; cf. Ps. 51:12; meekness, 1 Cor. 4:21; cf. Prov. 16:19; faith,
2 Cor. 4:13; quietness, 1 Pet. 3:4; cf. Prov. 14:29;
(k) the Holy Spirit, e.g., Matt. 4:1 ; Luke 4:18;
(l) ‘the inward man’ (an expression used only of the believer, Rom.
7:22; 2 Cor. 4:16; Eph. 3:16); the new life, Rom. 8:4-6, 10, 16; Heb. 12:9; cf. Ps. 51:10;
(m) unclean spirits, demons, Matt. 8:16; Luke 4:33; 1 Pet. 3:19; cf. 1 Sam. 18:10;
(n) angels, Heb. 1:14; cf. Acts 12:15;
(o) divine gift for service, 1 Cor. 14:12, 32;
(p) by metonymy, those who claim to be depositories of these gifts, 2 Thess. 2:2; 1 John 4:1-3;
(q) the significance, as contrasted with the form, of words, or of a rite, John 6:63; Rom.
2:29; 7:6; 2 Cor. 3:6; (r) a vision, Rev. 1:10; 4:2; 17:3; 21:10.”*