In terms of reducing congestion, I do worry about the absence of...

In terms of reducing congestion, I do worry about the absence of a dedicated line... because anyone who has seen a "bus only" lane on a busy road knows it fills up with cars pretty quickly.

In terms of reducing carbon emissions, 180 people on a 3-car tram is better than (100+ private cars).

Still, if countries other than China pursue trackless trams because the infrastructure costs are much lower than conventional light rail that is great for the lithium sector, since trackless trams use lithium ion batteries.