Battery Tech, page-32

Your question and then your statement about Germany is all over the shop. I gather when you say graphite you mean battery vs hydrogen.

No one size fits "new green energy". It will be a combination of a lot of different technologies including hydro and nuclear. They now talk about mobile and stationary to avoid some of the confusion.

The hydrogen combustible engine doesn't only just produce water but Nitrogen Oxide NOx which is worse to the environment than CO2. So when most people talk about hydrogen, they mean the fuel cell which is different. Apart from some Japanese who are still tinkering, the consensus is hydrogen has a future, just not in cars. Heavy-duty transport, aviation and shipping will be a better fit.