Big Brain Stamler, page-12

I think also that the progress has been slow but perhaps better to check what is the reality.

The first PBT434 animal study in PD was published in the summer of 2017.

The first abstract in an MSA animal model was published in 2018 and later in 2019, 2019, 2020, and 2021. The first publication was only published this summer ( the Stafanova paper).

The first patient for phase 1 was enrolled on 21/06/2018 and the last day of data collection for phase 1 was 24/05/2019.

According to the general view of neuroscientists, MSA is a very challenging target of any therapy because an early diagnosis was very difficult to be made with no clear biomarkers of progression and because it was not known what triggers MSA (a good report of these difficulties was published by Lemos M et al just this August). So there was a need to avoid these potential problems as much as possible. So the BioMus study had (?) to be made before phase 2.

So perhaps they were preparing phase 1 in 2009 but then they found, perhaps, that PD perhaps is too big a target ( it needs also phase 3 with hundreds of patients, too expensive) and even in that some preclinical animal model studies are needed. And so they then selected another disease, MSA, related to PD, needing only phase 2 ( an orphan drug for MSA). They then did the needed animal studies for MSA and so on.

AT first, BioMuse was for me too much. Not anymore. There are now more and better biomarkers than just 2 years ago and so the possibilities to find efficacy are now better than earlier.