California 2030

Mary Nichols, chairman of the California Air Resources Board:

“I’ve gotten messages from the governor asking, ‘Why haven’t we done something already?’” Nichols said, referring to China’s planned phase-out of fossil-fuel vehicle sales. “The governor has certainly indicated an interest in why China can do this and not California.”

“There are people who believe, including who work for me, that you could stop all sales of new internal-combustion cars by 2030. Some people say 2035, some people say 2040,” she said. “It’s awfully hard to predict any of that with precision, but it doesn’t appear to be out of the question.”

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Things are moving so fast here (Norway 2025, India 2030, China 2030-2040, UK & France 2040), California adds 2,000,000 new cars to the road each year (2m * 50kg of spherical graphite = up to 100,000 tons of spherical graphite required per annum).

This is in addition to China and other countries/states, and, in addition to energy storage requirements around the globe. As lithium-ion batteries get cheaper, and more long-range models come on stream from 2019 from the major auto manufacturers, global momentum towards electric vehicles should increase, aided by government directives.