Both pyrolysis approaches (Hazer approach or plasma) have their...

Both pyrolysis approaches (Hazer approach or plasma) have their complete own challenges when it comes to being a viable commercial process.

The plasma approach can only be viable if the carbon produced is granular, pure and contains no contaminants that make it difficult to clean and use. During the plasma reaction, the resulting carbon, might be contaminated by incomplete reaction byproducts. This could in theory render the graphite useless! For example if there are significant traces of aromatics captured in the graphite. Hazer has the challenge mainly in removing the catalyst from the graphitic carbon in an efficient and clean way, where they must be close to scale their technology up from labscale to a prototype process.

Monolith might be the leader in the plasma segment, but they have yet to commission their upgraded site i believe. Lets see!