it was simplistic on purpose to avoid getting into a detailed and convoluted discussion about the origins of money
for simplicity, issuing credit is the same as printing money, as it achieves the same thing, and is assentially the same thing with some smoke and mirrors
don't know what you mean by raising money from forex interventions probably trap doors on the stage as well as smoke and mirrors
i have done a fair bit or reading and am reasonably satisfied that the main cause of inflation is an increase in money supply this has happened over the past 20 years with the doors being flung wide open more recently