If you bought and sold within the financial year the profits go...

If you bought and sold within the financial year the profits go toward your years income.
Once held for over a year, selling the shares makes a capital gains event, because youve held them so long.
So they'd be taxed at normal income levels within the year as your earnings or a flat 30% if kept for over a year. However, we also have a capital gains tax discount of 50% for when shares are sold a year later, so you only end up paying 15%.

But I failed taxation law this semester.

DYOR its all on the ATO website.