@ywtoh@jamesc666@stockrockI found this an interesting read because it reminded me of exactly what China has been spouting for the last 5 years.
Worth a read of the whole document, but I have highlighted the river basin planning section here.
This sort of planning really fits into adopting the decentralised model of WWTPs, and will suit the SPS portfolio that Fluence has.
How much attention is the rest of the world paying to China's method of planning?
https://www.worldbank.org/en/topic/water/publication/wastewater-initiativehttps://openknowledge.worldbank.org/bitstream/handle/10986/33436/146823.pdf
Also with a bonus highlighting how much needs to be spent per year between now and 2030 to meet basic universal sanitation coverage in some of South America.
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Compare this to some of the outlines for the Chinese plan.
Comprehensive interpretation of the "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plan for Key River Basins (2016-2020)"Environmental Engineering 2017-10-26
The Ministry of Environmental Protection, the National Development and Reform Commission, and the Ministry of Water Resources have recently jointly issued the "Plan for the Prevention and Control of Water Pollution in Key River Basins (2016-2020)" (hereinafter referred to as the "Plan").
"Plan" to implement the "water ten" water pollution prevention plan requires preparation of the implementation of the seven key river basin, taking into account the river Zhejiang and Fujian Provinces, Southwest River, Northwest rivers, the "water ten" water quality goals down to each basin, each clear The key direction of river basin pollution prevention and control and the focus of water environmental protection in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and the Yangtze River Economic Belt have formed a nationwide water pollution prevention and control plan for key river basins for the first time. On the basis of 1,784 control units nationwide, the "Plan" screened 580 priority control units, which were further subdivided into 283 water quality improvement units and 297 degradation prevention units, and proposed the main control tasks of priority control units, and implemented hierarchical classification. Refined management.
The "Plan" puts forward five key tasks: industrial pollution prevention and control, urban life pollution prevention and control, agricultural and rural pollution prevention and control, water ecological protection in river basins, and drinking water source environmental safety assurance. It determines the prevention and control of drinking water source pollution, industrial pollution prevention, and urban sewage. The five major types of projects, including treatment and supporting facilities construction, agricultural and rural pollution prevention and control, and comprehensive water environment management, are implemented in a way that the central and provincial project reserves are linked together and dynamically managed. The "Plan" requires implementation guarantees in terms of strengthening organizational leadership, improving policies and regulations, improving market mechanisms, strengthening scientific and technological support, strengthening supervision and management, and promoting ecological culture.
Recently, the relevant person in charge of the Water Environment Management Department of the Ministry of Environmental Protection answered reporters' questions (partially) on the relevant content of the "Plan".
Question: Excuse me, what are the characteristics of this "Plan"?
Answer: This is the first time that “one game” of surface water environment management has been formed across the country. Implement the requirements of the "Water Ten Measures" "Compilation and Implementation of Water Pollution Prevention and Control Plans for Seven Key River Basins". The planning scope mainly includes seven key river basins including the Yangtze River, the Yellow River, the Pearl River, the Songhua River, the Huaihe River, the Haihe River, and the Liaohe River, as well as the rivers of Zhejiang and Fujian. The rivers in the southwest and the northwest have formed a nationwide water pollution prevention and control plan for key river basins for the first time. Compared with the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan”, the Pearl River Basin is included in the scope of key river basins for the first time; the Three Gorges reservoir area and its upper reaches, Danjiangkou reservoir area and upper reaches, the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, Taihu Lake, Chaohu Lake, and Dianchi Lake are all included in the scope of the Yangtze River Basin; The national water resources first-level districts and administrative division boundaries are coordinated. The Yellow River, Songhua River, Huaihe River, Liaohe River and other river basins have increased compared with the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan" period, and the Haihe River basin has also been adjusted.
The preparation process of the "Plan" is organically integrated with the implementation process of the "Ten Water Regulations". The preparation and implementation of the "Plan" is an important task clearly required by the "Ten Water Regulations", and the preparation process of the "Plan" is part of the process of implementing the "Ten Water Regulations". Previous special plans for key river basins generally released the planning results in a unified manner when the plan was approved, and the important results formed during the preparation of the current plan were released in a timely manner, which played an important role in promoting the implementation of the "Water Ten".
Fully implement the central decision and deployment and link up with the special plans of relevant departments of the State Council. Since the release of the "Water Ten Measures", the Party Central Committee, the State Council and relevant departments have successively issued a series of important documents, and new progress has been made in the implementation of the "Water Ten Measures" in various regions. The preparation of the "Plan" timely grasped the development of water pollution prevention and control work, and fully connected with relevant documents.
The level of refined management of the river basin has been greatly improved. Since the "Ninth Five-Year Plan" period, my country has established the idea of zoning management since the control of "Three Rivers and Three Lakes", and has been continuously developed and improved after four phases of the five-year special plan for the prevention and control of water pollution in key river basins.
The implementation of planning projects adopts dynamic management methods. Taking into account the dynamics and uncertainties of the water pollution prevention and control process, combined with the implementation experience of the "Twelfth Five-Year Plan", the "Plan" does not include a specific project list, but adopts a dynamic management method to connect the key basin water environment comprehensive management project reserves Work has been done on the reservoir and water pollution prevention and control action plan project reserve database, and the construction of the central and provincial-level key river basin water pollution prevention and control planning project reserve database has been done.
Water pollution prevention and control planning projects in key river basins are implemented independently by all localities. Relevant departments of all provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government) organize the design and selection of engineering projects according to the needs of water pollution prevention and control work in key river basins of their respective administrative regions, establish a provincial-level project library, plan in advance and complete preliminary preparations such as project feasibility studies, and strengthen project reserves It is updated regularly and implemented selectively according to water quality improvement needs to improve the pertinence and benefits of the project.
Question: How will the "Plan" be implemented?
Answer: One is to implement water environment quality target management based on the control unit.
According to the three-level zoning system of river basin, water ecological control area, and water environment control unit, 1,784 control units designated nationwide (Announcement No. 44 and No. 54 of 2016 of the Ministry of Environmental Protection) are used as the spatial basis, and the water quality of the section is used as the management The goal is to promote grid-based and refined management with the pollution discharge permit system as the core.
The second is to strengthen the preparation and implementation of the control unit's deadline-to-standard plan. Implement the newly revised "Water Pollution Prevention and Control Law", in accordance with the requirements of the water environment quality improvement goals determined in the Water Pollution Prevention and Control Target Responsibility Letter, with the control unit as the basic space unit, and following the concept of "landscapes, forests, fields, lakes and grasses are a community of life", and make overall plans Drinking water, surface water, groundwater, urban water bodies, and coastal waters, optimize the water quality cross-section monitoring network, establish a water environment carrying capacity monitoring, evaluation and early warning system, clarify the control unit's pollution production and discharge and cross-sectional water quality response feedback mechanisms, delineate and strictly observe water resources Make use of the online, ecological protection red line and environmental quality bottom line, strengthen the total water pollutant discharge control according to local conditions, formulate and implement the control unit's deadline-to-standard plan, rationally formulate and implement the tasks and completion time limits of each pollutant unit in the control unit one by one to reduce pollutants Discharge and improve the self-purification capacity of water bodies to sort out water environment governance projects, strengthen the construction of project storage, "emission reduction" and "capacity increase" both must be carried out and both are hard to promote the organic integration of water pollution prevention and control into the overall layout of economic and social development.
The third is to improve the water ecological environment protection mechanism of the river basin, including the following aspects:
Explore and improve the management and control mechanism for water pollutant discharge in the river basin. Establish a fixed-source emission management and control mechanism with the pollution permit system as the core, promote the establishment and improvement of comprehensive drainage standards and industry emission standards with different emphasis and mutual coordination of industry emission standard systems, and implement the emission permits to each pollutant unit to promote Stationary source discharge management and control are better aligned with water environment quality improvement goals.
Explore and improve the management and control mechanism of river basin ecological protection. Research on water environment quality-oriented evaluation methods of water ecological environment carrying capacity, clarify the requirements of watershed ecological environment protection according to the needs of watershed ecological environment function, and carry out water environment carrying capacity evaluation pilot projects in key areas such as Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei, Yangtze River Delta, and Pearl River Delta .
Explore the establishment of a working mechanism that links the ecological environment protection of the river basin with the natural resource outgoing audit of leading cadres, the central environmental protection inspection, ecological compensation and other ecological civilization system reform systems, and implement the main responsibilities of local governments, departments, and enterprises to "guard, retreat, and make up" . Keeping means delineating and strictly abiding by the red line of ecological protection, and cracking down on all kinds of ecological damage in accordance with the law; retreating means actively promoting the conversion of farmland to wetland, fishing to water, farming to forests, and beaches, and striving to control the high land occupied by human activities. Withdrawal of value ecological areas; replenishment means vigorously carrying out ecological protection and restoration of the river basin, constructing artificial wetland water purification projects according to local conditions, and improving the environmental carrying capacity of the river basin.
Promote the reform of the water environment management system. In accordance with the requirements of the "Overall Plan for the Reform of Ecological Civilization System", carry out pilot projects for environmental protection management system innovation to achieve unified planning, unified standards, unified environmental assessment, unified monitoring, and unified law enforcement for river basin environmental protection, and improve the overall effectiveness of environmental protection.
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Urban sewage treatment has a new plan to achieve these goals by 2025Water World Subscription 8/13
Introduction
The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development recently issued the "Fourteenth Five-Year" Urban Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization Development Plan. The "Plan" proposes to improve the quality of the water ecological environment and accelerate the formation of a rational layout and system coordination. , A new pattern of safe, efficient, energy-saving and low-carbon urban sewage collection and treatment and resource utilization.
Accelerate the formation of a new pattern of sewage collection and treatment resource utilization
The National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development recently issued the "Fourteenth Five-Year" Urban Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization Development Plan. The "Plan" proposes to improve the quality of the water ecological environment and accelerate the formation of a rational layout and system coordination. , A new pattern of safe, efficient, energy-saving and low-carbon urban sewage collection and treatment and resource utilization.
The "Plan" proposes that by 2025, the direct discharge of domestic sewage and the blank areas of collection and treatment facilities in urban built-up areas will be basically eliminated, and the national centralized collection rate of urban domestic sewage will strive to reach more than 70%;
The sewage treatment rate in county towns has reached 95% or more; the sewage treatment in sensitive areas of the water environment basically meets the level A discharge standard; the utilization rate of reclaimed water in water-deficient cities at prefecture level and above in the country has reached more than 25%, and the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region has reached more than 35%, and the Yellow River Basin Water-scarce cities at the prefecture-level and above in the middle and lower reaches shall strive to reach 30%; the harmless disposal rate of urban sludge shall reach more than 90%.
According to reports, in recent years, various regions and departments have vigorously promoted the construction of urban sewage treatment facilities, and the sewage treatment capacity and level have been significantly improved. However, the development of urban sewage treatment is unbalanced and insufficient. The sewage treatment capacity of some cities and more than 400 counties in the country cannot meet the demand, and about 40% of the established towns do not have the domestic sewage treatment capacity.
Promote the construction of urban sewage treatment and resource utilization facilities
The "Planning" also proposes that during the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, it is necessary to implement measures in accordance with local conditions, classify policies, and systematically promote the construction of urban sewage treatment and resource utilization facilities in accordance with the principle of government-led and market operation.
In terms of making up for the shortcomings of urban sewage pipe networks, newly-added centralized sewage treatment facilities have been added to support the construction of sewage collection pipe networks to speed up filling in the blank areas of the pipe network. Carry out the diagnosis, repair and update of the pipeline network, promote the systematic rectification of the area, and promote the transformation of the pipeline network with mixed errors and missed connections in an orderly manner. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, 80,000 kilometers of sewage collection pipeline network will be newly added and transformed.
In terms of strengthening the weaknesses of urban sewage treatment facilities, combined with urban development and simultaneous construction of treatment facilities, the scale of facility construction in large and medium-sized cities can be moderately advanced, and the construction of facilities in organized towns can be steadily promoted, and combined overflow sewage rapid purification facilities will be built in accordance with local conditions. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the new sewage treatment capacity will be 20 million cubic meters per day.
In terms of resource utilization, systematically plan urban sewage recycling facilities, plan the layout of reclaimed water pipe networks in advance, and achieve quality and target water supply. Implementation of regional reclaimed water recycling projects. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the newly built, rebuilt and expanded reclaimed water production capacity shall not be less than 15 million cubic meters per day.
In addition, it is necessary to speed up filling the gaps in sludge disposal capacity in cities and counties. During the "14th Five-Year Plan" period, the scale of newly-added non-hazardous sludge disposal facilities shall not be less than 20,000 tons/day.
Establish a diversified financial capital investment guarantee mechanism
In order to fully implement the "Fourteenth Five-Year Plan for Urban Sewage Treatment and Resource Utilization Development", safeguard measures have also been put forward in terms of finance, taxes and fees.
The "Plan" proposes to broaden the investment and financing channels for urban sewage treatment and resource utilization projects. Local people's governments at all levels must establish a diversified financial capital investment guarantee mechanism. Local government special bonds and funds from the central budget provide appropriate support to eligible projects. Guide social capital to actively invest. Encourage financial institutions to provide medium and long-term credit support. Actively promote the pilot projects of real estate investment trust funds in the field of infrastructure.
At the same time, improve the fee and tax mechanism. In accordance with the principle of covering the normal operation of sewage treatment facilities and the cost of sludge disposal and reasonable profitability, the sewage treatment fee standard shall be formulated reasonably. Before the sewage treatment fee standard is adjusted in place, subsidies should be given according to regulations. Liberalize government pricing of recycled water. Encourage the use of government procurement of services to promote the use of recycled water for ecological water replenishment.
