General Discussions, page-27841

Thank you McDongle, it's fantastic to see new technologies. Below are some references and information in relation to Graphene batteries.

Source: AZO Materials

References and Further Reading Yu, A. Graphene Battery as Energy Storage. Stanford University 2017. http://large.stanford.edu/courses/2017/ph240/yu1/Pistilli, M. (2022, January 10). Is Tesla Making a Graphene Battery? INN. https://investingnews.com/daily/tech-investing/nanoscience-investing/graphene-investing/graphene-battery-tesla/Maxwell, A. (2022, February 8). Graphene EV Batteries: How Far Away Are We? – Top Charger. Top Charger – EV Charger Reviews and Guides. https://topcharger.co.uk/graphene-ev-batteries-how-far-away-are-we/#13-what-is-the-most-promising-graphene-battery-technology-

Limitations of Graphene Batteries

There are certain limitations associated with graphene-based batteries despite their benefits as energy storage systems in EVs. The most prominent limitation is the lack of mass-production techniques for manufacturing high-quality graphene batteries. Currently, the production cost of 1 kg of graphene ranges between tens and thousands of dollars, which is substantially higher compared to the production cost of activated carbon at $15 per kilogram.Additionally, the thickness of graphene-based materials is often limited to micrometers, which substantially limits the overall capacity of the battery. Moreover, graphene batteries typically demonstrate poor capacity retention, extremely high first cycle loss at 50%-60%, and low cycling efficiencies at 95%-98% at high current densities.Furthermore, graphene cannot be switched off as it lacks a bandgap, which implies that there is no place in the material where electrons do not exist. Thus, an artificial bandgap must be engineered in graphene to overcome the challenge.