The attacks on Australia were noted in 2012.

PLA Unit 61398

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		show This articlemay be expanded with text translated from thecorresponding articlein Chinese.(February 2013)Click [show] for important translation instructions.

PLA Unit 61398(also known asAPT 1,Comment Crew,Comment Panda,GIF89a, andByzantine Candor) (Chinese:61398部队,Pinyin: 61398bùduì) is the Military Unit Cover Designator (MUCD)^[1]of aPeople's Liberation Armyadvanced persistent threatunit that has been alleged to be a source of Chinesecomputer hackingattacks.^[2][3]The unit is stationed inPudong,Shanghai.^[

2014 Indictment[edit]

On 19 May 2014, theUS Department of Justiceannounced that a Federalgrand juryhad returned an indictment of five 61398 officers on charges of theft of confidential business information and intellectual property from U.S. commercial firms and of plantingmalwareon their computers.^[5][6]The five are Huang Zhenyu (黄振宇), Wen Xinyu (文新宇), Sun Kailiang (孙凯亮), Gu Chunhui (顾春晖), and Wang Dong (王东). Forensic evidence traces the base of operations to a 12-story building off Datong Road in a public, mixed-use area ofPudongin Shanghai.^[2]The group is also known by various other names including "Advanced Persistent Threat 1" ("APT1"), "the Comment group" and "Byzantine Candor", a codename given by US intelligence agencies since 2002.^{[7][8][9][10]}