The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad...

The 1953 Iranian coup d'état, known in Iran as the 28 Mordad coup d'état (Persian: کودتای ۲۸ مرداد, was the overthrow of the democratically elected Prime Minister Mohammad Mosaddegh in favor of strengthening the monarchical rule of the Shah, Mohammad Reza Pahlavi on 19 August 1953.^[5] It was orchestrated by the United States (under the name TPAJAX Project^[6] or "Operation Ajax") and the United Kingdom (under the name "Operation Boot").^{[7][8][9][10]} The clergy also played a considerable role.^[11]

Mosaddegh had sought to audit the documents of the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company (AIOC), a British corporation (now part of BP), in order to verify that AIOC was paying the contracted royalties to Iran, and to limit the company's control over Iranian oil reserves.^[12] Upon the AIOC's refusal to co-operate with the Iranian government, the parliament (Majlis) voted to nationalize Iran's oil industry and to expel foreign corporate representatives from the country.^[13][14][15] After this vote, Britain instigated a worldwide boycott of Iranian oil to pressure Iran economically.^[16] Initially, Britain mobilized its military to seize control of the British-built Abadan oil refinery, then the world's largest, but Prime Minister Clement Attlee (in power until 1951) opted instead to tighten the economic boycott^[17] while using Iranian agents to undermine Mosaddegh's government.^[18]: 3 Judging Mosaddegh to be unreliable and fearing a Communist takeover in Iran, UK prime minister Winston Churchill and the Eisenhower administration decided in early 1953 to overthrow Iran's government, though the preceding Truman administration had opposed a coup, fearing the precedent that Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) involvement would set.^[18]: 3 British intelligence officials' conclusions and the UK government's solicitations were instrumental in initiating and planning the coup, despite the fact that the U.S. government in 1952 had been considering unilateral action (without UK support) to assist the Mosaddegh government.<sup>[19][20][21]

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1953_Iranian_coup_d'état[/sup]</sup>