All
A 12 volt car battery consists of six individual cells to produce the 12 Volts
With old batteries the cell connectors were external and could be cut to isolate a cell
Modern batteries are connected inside the case so the cells cannot be isolated
Although you can do a SG test of each cell, that test only tells you of the chemical condition, but nothing of it's physical condition or how it will operate when being used
A few heavy duty situations use individual cells due to their size but due to the number of cells in an array or "battery" it is impractical to physically disconnect each cell to test it individually or charge it individually
Theretofore the array or battery is charged and tested as a whole and even with computerized charging systems a poor cell is unable to be given a bigger charge than it's better brother cell
After time that "battery" will fail for this reason
AS to the other sorts of batteries of different voltages the same problems occur, as I mentioned there are approx 8000 individual cells in a Tesla battery pack so it has been impossible due to the number to treat or test each single one of the 8000 batteries, so the Tesla battery pack could fail due to one single cell, one of 8000
This is all an over simplification of the problems but may clarify for some posters the problem that could be overcome by a software system that can treat each cell as a single unit
Batteries fail due to poor charging IE failure to keep the cell within it's premium operating range and physical damage due to excessive charging or discharging aggravated by uneven performance between the cells
So such a system would not improve the range but would keep the batteries in peak operating condition for a longer period which in turn lowers the operating costs
Apologies for those who know these facts but it is obvious that many posters do not know how those things called batteries, which are in fact Chemical Generators actually work
