Market opportunity aGVHD, page-37

The Market Opportunities and application of MSC's and their ability to home in and repair damaged tissue sites is real. 20-30yrs of research in this space highlights the infancy of the field in comparison to the existence of mankind.

The last 5 years has seen Governments in major countries like China, Japan and more recently in the US has provided guidance and regulatory framework for approval of cell therapies in this field.

The intellectual property that Mesoblast has protected is understated and very valuable. Get set for fast tracking and Share Price recovery.
Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells

Despite its size, the mesenchymal stem cell play a lot of significant roles within an organism. The following are just some of them.

Functions of Mesenchymal Stem Cells (Image Source: frontiersin.org)

1. Suppression of immune cells activation
Aside from being the progenitor of most cells in the body, mesenchymal cells also control the activities of immune cells (i.e. T-lymphocytes, B-lymphocytes, macrophages, mast cells, and neutrophils) during an organ transplant. This is important because it prevents further inflammation and eventual rejection of the transplanted organ.

2. Increase the number of nerve cells
Strikingly, recent studies have revealed that mesenchymal stem cells can also differentiate into nerve cells. This process of differentiation usually happens as a result to a stress response or any related stimuli.

• Neurons are one of the few cells that when damaged, can no longer regenerate. Hence, the idea of mesenchymal cells opens up the possibility to replace any damaged or lost nerve cells in the nervous system.

3. Reduction of Cell Death
While the process of apoptosis, or programmed cell death, is important for the regulation of some physiological process, too much of it can be damaging for the body. Hence, mesenchymal stem cells are present in order to maintain homeostasisand continually replace lost cells.

4. Secretion of neurotrophic and angiogenic factors
Mesenchymal stem cells secrete both neurotrophic and angiogenic factors which are responsible for stabilizing the extracellular matrix (ECM).

5. Increase synaptic connections
When transplanted into the brain, mesenchymal stem cells promote the reduction of free radical levels and enhance the synaptic connections of damaged neurons. In addition to that, they also increase the number of astrocytes(star-shaped cells associated with the formation of functional synapses). As a result, impulses (messages) are being passed on at a faster speed, hence, reactions are also immediate.

6. Increase the myelination of axons
Myelin sheath is the insulating layer that covers the axons of nerve cells. By further enhancing the myelination of axons, mesenchymal cells (similar with above) further increase the speed at which impulses are passed along.

7. Increase the number of blood vessels and astrocytes in the brain
According to a recent study published in the World Journal of Stem Cells, mesenchymal cells are also able to replace and repair any damaged blood vessel in the cerebrum part of the brain. Hence, mesenchymal cells are being viewed as potential therapeutic remedy for stroke patients.


Read More https://www.bioexplorer.net/mesenchymal-stem-cells.html/