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When the price of vanadium shoots up, . And while mining...

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    When the price of vanadium shoots up, . And while mining supplies haven’t constrained the growth of lithium-ion batteries thus far, there are real concerns about the pace of new mine openings keeping up with projected demand growth in the coming decades. CMBlu dodges that impending challenge by working with plastics; ESS does it by using iron, an abundant and inoffensive commodity.

    Some demand now: Select utilities test flow batteries

    All investments make a bet on the future, but that’s particularly apparent with flow batteries because their actual sales and construction today are so limited. This makes it hard to evaluate the relative success of various types of flow batteries — even the category leaders have little to show by way of built and operating storage projects.

    Flow batteries’ commercial appeal increases as power companies need to store energy for longer periods of time, Kaun explained. That’s because it’s cheaper to extend storage duration by installing a larger tank than it is to add more lithium-ion battery packs.

    There really hasn’t been demand for those solutions until recently,” he said. For now, the economic adoption of 4-hour lithium-ion batteries largely depends on capacity payments, a mechanism to ensure that utilities always have enough power to meet demand at peak times. Grid planners and regulators in places like California have recognized the value of 4-hour storage, so battery developers build 4-hour batteries to qualify for capacity payments.

    But in the future, it’s evolving,” Kaun said. He predicts demand ramping up for 6- and 8-hour batteries before too long.

    CMBlu’s U.S. sales strategy, then, has been to seek out utilities whose coal plant retirements are forcing them to figure out a clean-energy replacement sooner rather than later. When they realize they need something more than what lithium-ion can give them, CMBlu offers an alternative.

    Two major U.S. utilities have taken up the offer. First came Wisconsin utility WEC, which chose CMBlu in February for a pilot of at the Valley Power Plant in Milwaukee, Wisconsin. That’s a modest size, but already past the megawatt-hour threshold.

    Then, Phoenix-area public power company Salt River Project chose CMBlu from a cattle call of proposals submitted by emerging long-duration storage companies. This pilot,” announced in late August, will have a capacity of , making it, to use a technical term, pretty big actually. The warehouse-like structure will be built in 2025 to go online by the end of that year; it will help SRP stretch its growing solar production into the more valuable nighttime hours. Kaun’s former colleagues at EPRI will study both projects to document how well the technology performs in real life.

    The biggest flow battery in the world is reportedly a in Dalian, China. Other major flow-battery projects include ESS’ multiyear contract to in Sacramento to help the municipal utility reach zero carbon by 2030. Invinity, formed by the , is selling a new-generation product and recently clinched to support installed across several sites in the U.S.

    In other words, the flow-battery market is still in its trial period, and no clear winners have swept the field yet. CMBlu still has plenty of time to establish itself before the alternative grid-battery market gets going, and now it has the money to stick around, too.

    https://www.canarymedia.com/articles/energy-storage/will-this-startup-finally-crack-the-code-on-flow-battery-tech

 
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