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From the wikipedia article on igf1 which indicates the link of...

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    From the wikipedia article on igf1 which indicates the link of IGF-1 with its receptor IGF-1R. I don't understand it, but I try to get the gist that of it - that if there is a downregulation of igf-1's receptor, then this will mean it will have an impact on igf1's impact down the chain signalling pathway, so to speak. Furthermore, from past interest in monepantel's effect on tumours, one of the biomarkers often mentioned, 4E (EIF4E), is also implicated in the process and has a direct affect upon metabolism. Also note that kpax has also been recently talking about AKT, and is also mentioned here. Note the mTOR1 and mTORC2 are the two seperate but inter-related complexes that together make up the mTOR signalling pathway complex.

    IGF-1 binds and activates its own receptor, IGF-1R, through the cell surface expression of Receptor Tyrosine Kinase's (RTK's), and further signals through multiple intracellular transduction cascades. IGF-1R is the critical role-playing inducer in modulating the metabolic effects of IGF-1 for cellular senescence and survival. At a localized target cell, IGF-1R elicits the mediation of paracrine activity. After its activation the initiation of intracellular signaling occurs inducing a magnitude of signaling pathways. An important mechanistic pathway involved in mediating a cascade affect regulated by phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase (PI3K) and its downstream partner, mTOR (mammalian Target of Rapamycin). Rapamycin binds with the enzyme FKBPP12 to inhibit the mTORC1 complex. mTORC2 remains unaffected and responds by up-regulating AKT, driving signals through the inhibited mTORC1. Phosphorylation of Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E (EIF4E) by mTOR suppresses the capacity of Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4E-binding protein 1 (EIF4EBP1) to inhibit EIF4E and slow metabolism.[25][26] A mutation in the signaling pathway PI3K-AKT-mTOR is a big factor in the formation of tumors found predominantly on skin, internal organs, and secondary lymph nodes (Kaposi sarcoma).[26]

    Last edited by Lastly: 23/03/24
 
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