India is doing both mining and refining, and has huge resources...

India is doing both mining and refining, and has huge resources laying on the beach or in open pit sites with high commercial potential. All small scale atm.
After too much trouble with illegal mining, the government declared it a State monopoly, authorized only IREL to handle rare earths. Something like that. The rare earths are in grains of mineral monazite. The sand is radioactive enough that it’s an issue, hence India’s long and strong interest in thorium nuclear power.
ARTICLE brings reader up to date on India REE; the hyperlinks I read were quality and recent references also.