According to Adamas Intelligence, a minerals research firm, the average new EV now contains 22% more nickel, 19% more cobalt and 15% more manganese than a year ago.
Cobalt not going anywhere
EV-makers want to reduce the amount of cobalt in their batteries because, as mentioned, it is over twice the cost of nickel, and the battery accounts for around half the price of an EV.
Using cobalt is also likely to attract unwanted attention to the awful conditions of cobalt mining in the DRC, the world’s largest producer, including the use of child laborers; the unstable African country has made cobalt the “blood diamonds” of the EV industry. A third reason for lessening the percentage of cobalt in EV batteries is cobalt’s dependence on other host minerals. Because it is mostly mined as a by-product of nickel and copper, end users are at the mercy of those markets. If the price of either base metal should fall, the incentive for mining cobalt will decrease, potentially making it hard to source supply.
For these reasons, some industry observers think cobalt’s days are numbered, but they’re wrong. That’s because cobalt is actually the “safe” element in the battery cathode. Reducing the amount of cobalt shortens the life of the battery cell. The battery has to last at least eight years - the industry standard - if not, the owner can replace it under warranty. Those battery replacement costs would likely negate any savings gained from using less cobalt.
https://palladiumoneinc.com/investors/articles/2020/bullish-on-battery-metals
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