Google Scholar search on 'rainfall Spain historic' has a...

Google Scholar search on 'rainfall Spain historic' has a mountain of papers

one open paper on Andalusia is

RAINFALL VARIABILITY IN SOUTHERN SPAIN ON DECADAL TOCENTENNIAL TIME SCALES
F.S. RODRIGOa,*, M.J. ESTEBAN-PARRAb, D. POZO-VA´ ZQUEZc and Y. CASTRO-DI´EZb

ABSTRACT
In this work a long rainfall series in Andalusia (southern Spain) is analysed. Methods of historical climatology wereused to reconstruct a 500-year series from historical sources. Different statistical tools were used to detect andcharacterize significant changes in this series. Results indicate rainfall fluctuations, without abrupt changes, in thefollowing alternating dry and wet phases: 1501–1589 dry, 1590–1649 wet, 1650–1775 dry, 1776-1937 wet and1938–1997 dry. Possible causal mechanisms are discussed, emphasizing the important contribution of the NorthAtlantic Oscillation (NAO) to rainfall variability in the region. Solar activity is discussed in relation to the MaunderMinimum period, and finally the past and present are compared. Results indicate that the magnitude of fluctuationsis similar in the past and present. Copyright © 2000 Royal Meteorological Society.

The main conclusions of this work are the following:
(i) Rainfall in Andalusia (southern Spain) shows a fluctuating time evolution, with alternate dry and wetperiods. Differences between mean values of these periods (1501–1589 dry, 1590–1649 wet, 1650–1775 dry, 1776–1937 wet and 1938–1997 dry) are statistically significant. With slight differences,these phases coincide with other results found in the literature. Abrupt changes over the long termwere not detected.
(ii) The main phase of the LIA corresponds to the period 1590–1649, characterized by wet conditions,with higher flooding frequency.
(iii) Spectral analysis shows that the main periodicities in the data series correspond to fluctuations ofabout 16.7, 7–9, 3.5 and 2.1 years. These fluctuations are superimposed to non-linear long-termtrends.
(iv) Among the possible causal mechanisms of rainfall fluctuations in the region, the NAO behaviour isthe most remarkable, and in particular extreme values of the NAO index are related to droughts(positive extreme NAO) and floods (negative extreme NAO).
(v) The Maunder Minimum (1645–1715) does not appear to be exceptional in the context of the entireseries, indicating that solar activity is unlikely to be the cause of climatic changes in the study region.
(vi) 20th century rainfall anomalies show a behaviour similar to that of other periods in the past.