The invention discloses a pixel sound-generating unit, a sound-generating method and a digital speaker. It relates to the technical field of digital speaker sound-producing technology and aims to solve the problems of low sound pressure level and complex structure of the original electrostatic digital speaker. The pixel sound-generating unit includes: a first discharge end and a second discharge end; there is an internal medium between the first discharge end and the second discharge end; static electricity is applied to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end. The breakdown voltage causes the internal medium to undergo ionization discharge, causing thermal expansion and contraction to emit sound wave pulses. The pixel sound-generating unit provided by the present invention generates sound wave pulses with high sound pressure level and simple structure.
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of digital speaker sound generation, and in particular to a pixel sound generation unit, a sound generation method and a digital speaker.
Background technique
Based on the principle of energy conversion, existing speakers are mainly divided into: electric, electromagnetic, electrostatic, and piezoelectric speakers. Based on the sound reconstruction method, it can be divided into analog speakers and digital speakers. The simulated speaker uses mechanical vibration to push the air to generate simulated acoustic signals. During the entire process, the mechanical vibration characteristics determine the quality of the speaker's sound. Digital speakers use digital sound reconstruction (DSR) to produce sound, and the speakers radiate discrete sound pulse energy to the outside.
The sound generation principle of existing digital speakers is mainly based on the electrostatic drive pixel sound unit method, which uses an extremely thin diaphragm to move forward and backward under the action of electrostatic force. Due to the limited vibration frequency and amplitude of the diaphragm, the electrostatic drive pixel sound unit generates pulse speed. Low, low sound pressure level, complex design process, resulting in low sound quality of digital speakers.
Contents of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a pixel sound-generating unit, a sound-generating method and a digital speaker to solve the problems of low sound pressure level and complex structure of the original electrostatic digital speaker.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pixel sound-generating unit, including: a first discharge end and a second discharge end; an internal medium exists between the first discharge end and the second discharge end; An electrostatic breakdown voltage is applied to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end, causing the internal medium to undergo ionization discharge, causing thermal expansion and contraction to emit a sound wave pulse.
Compared with the existing technology, the present invention provides a pixel sound unit, which includes: a first discharge end and a second discharge end; an internal medium exists between the first discharge end and the second discharge end; An electrostatic breakdown voltage is applied to either end of the discharge end and the second discharge end, which causes ionization discharge in the internal medium and generates high temperature. The internal medium undergoes violent thermal expansion and contraction, pushing the internal medium to generate a strong sound wave pulse. The sound pressure level of the sound wave pulse generated is High, and direct sound is achieved through electrostatic breakdown of the internal medium, without the need for diaphragm drive, and the sound speed response is fast; in addition, since the pixel sound unit with electrostatic breakdown does not have the concept of a diaphragm, the structural size can be smaller and the unit area can be increased. The number of pixel sound units improves the digital sound quality. This pixel sound-generating unit can generate sound through only two discharge ends and internal media, and has a simple structure.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a method for producing sound by a pixel sounding unit, which is applied to a pixel sounding unit. The pixel sounding unit includes: a first discharge end and a second discharge end; the first discharge end and the second discharge end. The terminals are arranged oppositely, and an internal medium is provided between the first discharge terminal and the second discharge terminal; the method includes:
Obtain the electrostatic breakdown voltage to be applied;
The electrostatic breakdown voltage is applied to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end, causing the internal medium to undergo ionization discharge, causing thermal expansion and contraction to emit acoustic wave pulses; the first discharge end and The second discharge terminal is used to form an electric field in the internal medium.
In a third aspect, the present invention provides a digital speaker, including a plurality of pixel sound-generating units as described above cascaded into an array.
Compared with the existing technology, the beneficial effects of the sound generation method of the pixel sound generating unit and the digital speaker provided by the present invention are the same as the beneficial effects of the pixel sound generating unit described in the above technical solution, and will not be described again here.
Description of the drawings
The drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present invention. The illustrative embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached picture:
Figure 1 is a structural block diagram of a pixel sound generating unit provided by the present invention;
Figure 2 is a front view of the open pixel sound generating unit provided by the present invention;
Figure 3 is a perspective view of the open pixel sound generating unit provided by the present invention;
Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of opening structures of different shapes provided by the present invention;
Figure 5 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of a pixel sound unit corresponding to the asymmetric opening structure;
Figure 6 is a structural diagram of a pixel sound-generating unit with an elastic thin-walled shell provided by the present invention;
Figure 7 is a structural diagram of a pixel sound-emitting unit whose shell is an insulating isolation layer provided by the present invention;
Figure 8 is a structural diagram of the digital speaker provided by the present invention.
Reference signs:
1-First discharge end, 2-Second discharge end, 3-Casing, 4-Internal medium.
Detailed ways
In order to facilitate a clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, in the embodiments of the present invention, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish the same or similar items with basically the same functions and effects. For example, the first threshold and the second threshold are only used to distinguish different thresholds, and their order is not limited. Those skilled in the art can understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the number and execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the number and execution order.
It should be noted that in the present invention, words such as “exemplary” or “for example” are used to represent examples, illustrations or explanations. Any embodiment or design described in the invention as "exemplary" or "such as" is not intended to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, use of the words "exemplary" or "such as" is intended to present the concept in a concrete manner.
In the present invention, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "And/or" describes the association of associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and/or B, which can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A, B can be singular or plural. The character "/" generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship. “At least one of the following” or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items (items) or plural items (items). For example, at least one of a, b or c can mean: a, b, c, the combination of a and b, the combination of a and c, the combination of b and c, or the combination of a, b and c Combination, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.
The electrostatic drive pixel unit usually consists of an aluminum plate and a diaphragm. By applying an audio signal to the plate, the diaphragm vibrates to convert the audio signal into sound. However, the diaphragm is affected by its own material, has a low vibration frequency, and generates pulse speeds. Low leads to low digital sound quality. In addition, because the electrode plates are very close, the pulse sound pressure level emitted by the electrostatically driven pixel unit is small, and the design process of the digital speaker composed of the electrostatically driven pixel unit is complicated. In addition, due to its own structure, the electrostatically driven digital speaker cannot produce sound underwater.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides a pixel sound unit, a sound generation method and a digital speaker, which adopts a new sound generation method to solve the problems of the original digital speaker with low sound pressure level, low sound quality, complex structure, and inability to produce sound underwater. Next, it will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a pixel sound-generating unit provided by the present invention. As shown in Figure 1, the pixel sound-generating unit includes: a first discharge end 1, a second discharge end 2 and a housing 3; the first discharge end 1 and the second discharge end 2. There is an internal medium 4 between the discharge terminals 2; the first discharge terminal 1 and the second discharge terminal 2 are placed in the housing 3.
When the pixel sound-emitting unit actually works: by applying an electrostatic breakdown voltage to either end of the first discharge end 1 and the second discharge end 2, ionization discharge occurs in the internal medium 4 between the first discharge end 1 and the second discharge end 2. , generating severe high temperature, and the internal medium 4 undergoes violent thermal expansion and contraction, pushing the internal medium 4 to emit a strong sound wave pulse. Applying electrostatic breakdown voltage is achieved by loading instantaneous high voltage on the first discharge terminal 1 and the second discharge terminal 2 . The discharge end to which the electrostatic breakdown voltage is applied is the positive electrode, and the other discharge end is the negative electrode. By applying the electrostatic breakdown voltage, an electric field is formed between the first discharge end 1 and the second discharge end 2 .
Since air is a good insulating material when not ionized, when the first discharge terminal 1 and the second discharge terminal 2 reach the breakdown field strength, the air molecules are ionized into conductive ions, resulting in an instantaneous discharge. When the high voltage is removed and the discharge ends, the air returns to normal and can participate in the next pulse sound, so the internal medium can be air.
The magnitude of the electrostatic breakdown voltage applied in the above structure and the distance between the first discharge end and the second discharge end need to comply with Paschen's law. Paschen's law is shown in formula (1):
V=f(pd)（1）
Among them, V is the breakdown voltage, p is the atmospheric pressure, and d is the discharge end gap, that is, the distance between the first discharge end and the second discharge end. Under normal atmosphere, the breakdown field strength corresponding to a 5um gap is about 1e8V/m.
The shell in the above structure is an open structure or a closed structure. When the shell has an open structure, the electrostatic breakdown speaker composed of this pixel sound unit can produce sound in a normal environment. Due to the partial conductivity of water, the electrostatic breakdown speaker cannot directly act on water, so the shell Set up as a closed structure, the electrostatic breakdown speaker can produce sound underwater.
The first discharge terminal and the second discharge terminal in the above structure may be voltage doubler rectifier circuits. In order to achieve electrostatic breakdown, the pixel sound unit needs to provide a high-voltage, low-current pulse electrical signal, that is, the electrostatic breakdown voltage applied at either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end is generally greater than 2000V, and the current is less than 10mA. Since the low current is less than the safe current of the human body, it can be ensured that the electrostatic breakdown speaker design will not cause short-circuit hazards to the human body. In addition, the low current can make the power consumption of the speaker low.
According to the above structure, it can be seen that the pixel sound-emitting unit applies an electrostatic breakdown voltage to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end, causing the internal medium to undergo ionization discharge, generating high temperature, and violent thermal expansion and contraction to push the internal medium to generate a strong beam. The sound wave pulse generated by the sound wave pulse has a high sound pressure level, and realizes direct sound generation through electrostatic breakdown of the internal medium. It does not require a diaphragm drive, and the sound speed response is fast. In addition, due to the electrostatic breakdown of the pixel sound unit, there is no concept of a diaphragm, and the structure The size can be smaller, the number of sound pixels per unit area can be increased, and the digital sound quality can be improved. This pixel sound-emitting unit can achieve sound through only two discharge terminals and internal media. It has a simple structure and low power consumption because the applied electrostatic breakdown voltage is low current.
As a possible implementation method, when the casing has an open structure, see Figures 2 and 3, the internal medium between the first discharge end and the second discharge end in the pixel sound unit can be air, and the casing is insulated. The insulating layer forms a three-dimensional space. The first discharge end and the second discharge end and the internal medium are arranged inside the insulating layer to prevent charge leakage during the discharge process of the first discharge end and the second discharge end. An opening is provided on one side of the insulating layer, and the opening can be located on the same surface as the first discharge end. Air enters the housing through the opening, and the generated sound wave pulse is emitted from the opening at the same time.
Among them, the shape of the opening can be designed as needed, and can be designed as a symmetrical structure or an asymmetrical structure, as shown in Figure 4, which is the structure of the surface of the shell where the opening structure is located, showing different shapes of opening structures, Figure 4 The opening in (a) is an asymmetric structure, and connected openings are provided at three ends of the surface; (b) in Figure 4 is a symmetric structure, and non-connected openings are provided at the left and right ends of the surface. Openings; (c) in Figure 4 is also a symmetrical structure, with disconnected openings set at the four corners of the surface. As shown in Figure 5, it is the three-dimensional structure of the pixel sound unit corresponding to the asymmetric opening structure in Figure 4 (a).
The housing may be a closed structure. Figures 6 and 7 show two solutions in which the housing is a closed structure.
As an optional method, as shown in Figure 6, the housing of the pixel sound-generating unit includes two elastic thin walls. The internal medium existing between the first discharge end and the second discharge end can be air. The two elastic thin walls The wall forms a closed space with the first discharge end and the second discharge end. In actual operation, the pixel sound unit applies an electrostatic breakdown voltage to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end, causing ionization discharge in the internal medium and generating heat. The expansion and contraction push the two elastic thin walls to vibrate, thereby pushing the external medium to emit sound wave pulses. The two elastic thin walls can isolate the external medium from the internal medium between the two discharge ends. The external medium can be water or air. Therefore, the digital speaker composed of this pixel sound unit structure can produce sound underwater as well as in a normal environment. The external medium is the medium outside the pixel unit.
As another optional method, as shown in Figure 7, the shell of the pixel sound-generating unit is an insulating isolation layer, and the shell has a U-shaped structure. A first closed shell is provided at one end of the U-shaped structure. The other end is provided with a second closed case, the first discharge end is located in the first closed case, the second discharge end is located in the second closed case, and the insulating isolation layer separates the first discharge end and the second discharge end from the two discharge ends. The internal dielectric is isolated between them, and at the same time, the electric field generated by the first discharge end and the second discharge end is prevented from being released before the electric field breaks down. The digital speaker composed of this pixel sound unit structure can produce sound underwater or in a normal environment. In this case, the internal medium between the first discharge end and the second discharge end can be water or air.
The present invention also provides a method for producing sound by a pixel sound-generating unit, which is applied to the above-mentioned pixel sound-generating unit. The pixel sound-generating unit includes: a first discharge end and a second discharge end; the first discharge end is arranged opposite to the second discharge end, and the first discharge end is arranged opposite to the second discharge end. An internal medium is provided between the first discharge end and the second discharge end; the method includes:
Obtain the electrostatic breakdown voltage to be applied;
The electrostatic breakdown voltage is applied to either end of the first discharge end and the second discharge end, causing the internal medium to undergo ionization discharge, causing thermal expansion and contraction to emit acoustic wave pulses; the first discharge end and the second discharge end are used for An electric field is formed in the inner medium.
Referring to Figure 8, the present invention also provides a digital speaker, which includes a plurality of pixel sound unit structures cascaded into an array as described above. Digital speakers generate sound by superimposing the sound wave pulses generated by multiple pixel sound units through digital sound reconstruction.
It can be seen from the above structure and actual working process that the pixel sound unit, sound generation method and digital speaker provided by the present invention can improve the problem of poor sound quality of the original analog ionization speaker, and improve the problem of low sound pressure level of the electrostatic digital speaker. In addition, it solves the problem that electrostatic digital speakers cannot be used in the field of underwater sound. The pixel sound-generating unit with electrostatic breakdown does not have the concept of a diaphragm. The structural size can be smaller, which can increase the number of sound-producing pixels per unit area and improve the digital sound quality. .
In the above description of the embodiments, specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above are only specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. should be covered by the protection scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
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