Hi Kymat. Electrical Substations from the largest Transmission substations (500kV, 330kV, 132kV -> 132kV, 66kV, 33kV) to various types of Zone substations (132kV, 66kV, 33kV -> 11kV) that make up the power grid have their own inbuilt battery supply of 110V DC which supplies most of the equipment inside the substation including the SCADA system (the monitoring system) and more importantly the substation protection systems and the circuit breaker trip circuits. So if there is a black out on the street outside the substation, the monitoring systems, protection systems continue to operate and the Control Room is still monitoring the substation. Distribution kiosks 11kV -> 415/240V can have monitoring inside them also, these monitoring devices are fed from the kiosk with a battery backup so it can continue monitoring the kiosk even if the kiosk has lost power. Smart Grids also include smart meters at each house for monitoring, solar panels & batteries (ASX - RFX - Redflow) which have inbuilt monitoring as well as micro-grids with larger flow batteries supplying communities (ASX - AVL - Australian Vanadium) feeding into the grid with inbuilt monitoring.
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