Good News & Bad News, page-682

Recycled lithium from batteries is expected to contribute 10% of supply in the early 2030's. At present there isn't sufficient batteries available, therefore difficult for recyclers to scale and be profitable. Yes, recycling will be big business down the track, but spent EV batteries available from say 2028, will see a second life in stationary storage, say 5 years before they are scrapped. Therefore I don't see recycling as economically viable for quite some time, however those early movers that can establish themselves now, prove up cost efficient recycling tech will be well placed to dominate in the 2030's.